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4.2
The Female Reproductive System
23
Biology
9th Grade
04/28/2013

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Term
Secondary Sexual Characteristics
Definition
growth spurt, development of mammary glands, or breasts, growth of underarm and pubic hair and a widening of the hips
Term
mammary glands
Definition
produce milk to nourish the baby
Term
egg, also called the ovum
Definition
contains many nutrients that will
be used in cell division once the egg is fertilized
Term
ovary
Definition
The primary female reproductive organ, where egg cells mature and are released
produce the female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone.
Term
follicles
Definition
each contain a single immature egg; contain cells that nourish and protect the developing egg
Term
menstrual cycle
Definition
the female reproductive cycle
Term
menopause
Definition
when menatrual cycle stops
Term
ovulation
Definition
Once the egg matures, it will burst through the wall of the ovary.
Term
corpus luteum
Definition
The empty follicle;
matures and produces the hormones estrogen and progesterone
Term
oviduct (also called the fallopian tube)
Definition
a tube that transports the egg to the uterus
Term
uterus, also called the womb
Definition
the organ that will receive the embryo if the egg is fertilized
Term
endometrium
Definition
The lining of the uterus;
rich in nutrients, blood vessels, and mucus, and provides the nourishment for the embryo
Term
cervix
Definition
the muscular opening between the uterus and the vagina
Term
vagina
Definition
receives the male penis and sperm during sexual intercourse, and it is
the birth canal through which a baby comes out
Term
Menstruation
Definition
the shedding of the endometrium
Term
flow phase
Definition
Endometrium is shed (menstruation).
Hormones produced: none
day 1–5
Term
follicular phase
Definition
Follicles in ovaries develop. Endometrium re-forms. Estrogen is produced by follicles.
day 6–13
Term
ovulation
Definition
Egg is released from ovary.
day 14
Term
luteal phase
Definition
Corpus luteum forms. Endometrium thickens.
Estrogen and progesterone are produced by the corpus luteum.
day 15–28
Term
progesterone
Definition
stimulates the endometrium to develop in preparation for the fertilized egg;
During pregnancy, prevent any other eggs from maturing.
Term
Embryonic development
Definition
an orderly series of changes that an embryo undergoes to become a fully formed baby.
Term
Female Accessory Glands
Definition
mammary glands
Term
prolactin
Definition
causes milk to be produced to feed the baby
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