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| List one example each of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog techniques. |
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| What are three types basic types of analog modulation? |
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| What are the three basic types of analog modulation we use to convert a digital signal? |
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What is the simplest form of PSK?
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| What are the four basic types of pulse modulation? |
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| What is a simple form of ADM? |
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| Which sideband of an AM modulated signal is a mirror-image of the modulating signal? |
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What term do we use for the additional sidebands that cause unwanted bandwidth and distoration in the transmitted AM signal? |
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| What agency is responsible for determining the maximum amount of deviation? |
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| What effect does a change in amplitude have on a PM signal? |
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The amount of phase shift is proportional to the amplitude of the modulating signal |
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| What effect does a change in frequency have on a PM signal? |
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| The rate of phase shift is proportional to the frequency of the modulating signal |
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| In BPSK, what amount (degrees) of phase shift of the carrier is used to represent binary 1s and 0s? |
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How many carrier phases does quadriphase modulation have? |
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What is the main advantage of DPSK? |
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It requires a less complex reciever than a basic PSK signal |
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What are three characteristics of a pulse train that can be varied by an information signal to produce a modulated rectangular pulse train? |
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peak voltage EC
period TP
pulse width or pulse duration TD
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What is the sampling rate of a 4-kHz voice channel? |
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By what other two names do we know PDM? |
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Of PAM, PDM, PPM, and PCM, which technique is least affected by noise? |
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How many code bits are required to provide 16 quantized steps?
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What type of signal(s) is the T1 able to transmit?
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What are the WDM technologies?
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(001)What is an example of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog techniques?
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Pulse code modulation (PCM) and continuously variable slope delta (CVSD) modulation
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(002) What converts analog signal information into an analog carrier signal?
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(002) What converts analog signal information into a digital carrier signal?
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(003) The information-carrying components that occur on either side of a carrier are called
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(003) Amplitude modulation (AM) requires a bandwidth that is
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twice the modulating signal |
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(004) The upper sideband in a single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSBSC) modulation is eliminated by
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(004) We can express the 6-to–1 improvement of the single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSBSC) modulation over conventional amplitude modulation (AM) as
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(005) The only basic waveform in nature is a
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(005) A modulated waveform that contains a carrier plus two sidebands for each modulation frequency is a description of
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an amplitude modulation (AM) |
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(005) If 100 percent modulation is exceeded and there is distortion in the modulating signal, additional sidebands are generated. We identify these sidebands as what?
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(006) The amount of deviation in a frequency modulation (FM) signal is directly proportional to the modulating signal’s
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(007) The amount of phase shift in a phase modulation (PM) signal is directly proportional to the
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amplitude of the modulating signal |
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(008) What form of modulation is insensitive to signal variations?
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binary-phase shift keying or bi-phase keying (BPSK) |
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(008) In quadrature-phase shift keying (QPSK) the radio frequency (RF) bandwidth for a quadriphase signal is what of that required by a bi-phase signal, given the same data rate.
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(008) What is the main advantage of differential phase shift keying (DPSK)?
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it requires a less complex receiver that a basic phase shift keying(PSK) signal |
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(009) Which of the following is not considered an analog modulation techniques? |
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(009) The form of pulse modulation in which the pulse is varied within a set range of positions is known as
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pulse-position modulation |
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(009) Quantized analog modulation is actually
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Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) |
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(009) How many bits per character of a 16-step pulse-code modulation (PCM) system are used to describe the quantized analog sample?
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(009) The process of coding pulse code modulation (PCM) quantized pulses to make them a constant duration and amplitude is
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(010) In Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), the transmitting multiplexer will put a bit or a byte from each of the incoming lines into a specifically allocated what?
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(010) The two major types of frame structures are |
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(010) The method of multiplexing the T1 multiplexer uses is
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(011) Wave-division multiplexing (WDM) creates the virtual channels for multiplexing them together for transmission by using different |
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(011) The most common wave-division multiplexing (WDM) system uses how many wavelengths? |
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What unit of measurement is normally used in data systems to express signaling speed for equipment?
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How many synchronizing pulses are needed in synchronous operation?
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How does asynchronous synchronization affect transmission speed?
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| Of the synchronization terms synchronous, asynchronous, or isochronous, which is normally used with channel-packing systems to indicate the utilization of internal timing? |
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How does the B8ZS signal format correct ones density problems? |
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by intentionally inseting BPV's into the signal to break up long string of zeros |
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Which type of framing would be used for a T1 carrying video traffic? |
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Which framing sequence is used for synchronization with incoming data? |
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What are the two methods of address signaling? |
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pulse dialing, tone dialing |
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| Call waiting is what type of communication signal? |
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| What are the two digital signaling methods to transmit supervisory signaling? |
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| How does CAS signaling convey signaling information? |
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| (012) Individual pulses within a digital signal are |
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| (012) What unit is most commonly used in data systems to express signaling speed? |
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| (012) Bit count integrity problems are primarily caused by |
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| (013) Three categories of synchronization used in digital data circuits are |
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| synchronous, asynchronus, isosynchronus |
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| (013) Which option is a characteristic of synchronous data operation? |
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| all data bits are the same length |
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| (013) A digital signal that contains synchronizing bits within the signal stream describes |
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(014) In what type of signal is the information contained in the transition, and there is a transition
from one state to the other only when a mark bit is sent? |
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(014) In what type of signal does the signal level move to one of the discrete signal levels, but
returns to the zero level after a predetermined time? |
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| (015) Which statement best describes an alternate mark inversion (AMI) signal? |
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| a logic one is transmitted as apositive voltage if the previous logic one was negative |
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(015) Digital coding techniques such as binary with eight-zero substitution (B8ZS) are becoming
more popular because they are designed to |
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| maintain ones density standards |
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| (015) Which statement best describes a binary with eight-zero substitution (B8ZS) signal? |
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| bipolar violations are intentionally inserted into a data signal to break up a long string of zeros |
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| (015) The major difference between conditioned di-phase (CDI) and other schemes is the |
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| use of mid-bit transitions for timing |
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| (016) How many bits are in the D4 framing sequence? |
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| (016) How many bits are in the extended superframe format (ESF) framing sequence? |
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| (017) What communications control signal uses a two-frequency dialing combination? |
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(017) What communications information signal uses a continuous 350- and 440-Hz frequency
pair? |
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| (017) What communications information signal uses a signal cycled on and off for 0.5 second and contains the generation of a 480- and 620-Hz frequency pair? |
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| (017) What communications supervisory signal uses a continuous application of direct current voltage for signaling? |
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| (017) When is the voltage applied in loop-start signaling? |
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| (018) In common associated signaling (CAS), what is the seventh bit in frames 6 and 12 used to convey signaling information known as? |
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| (018) In what common channel signaling (CCS) mode are the messages relating to signaling between two points conveyed directly interconnecting these signaling points? |
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