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37 Circulatory System
Heart and Breathing
44
Biology
9th Grade
07/15/2009

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Term
myocardium
Definition
thick layer of muscle that sandwich around the heart
Term
superior vena cava
Definition
large vein that brings oxygen poorb blood from top of body to the right atrium
Term
right atrium
Definition
the right upper chamber of the heart hwere blood is received from the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava and pumped into the right ventricle
Term
right ventricle
Definition
the lower right chamber of the heart where blood comes in from the right atrium and is pumped into pulmonary arteries
Term
inferior vena cava
Definition
vein that brings oxygen poor blod from the lower part of the body to the right atrium
Term
pulmonary arteries
Definition
bring oxygen poor blood from the right ventricle to the right or left lung
Term
pulmonary valve
Definition
prevents blood from flowing back ;into the fright ventricle after it has entered the pulmonary artery
Term
pulminary veins
Definition
bringoxygen rich blood from each of the lungs to the left atrium
Term
left atrium
Definition
get oxygenrich blood from the pulminary veinsand give it to the left ventricle
Term
left ventricle
Definition
left lower chamber of heart recieve blood from left atrium 0 give to aorta
Term
tricspid valve
Definition
prevents blood from flowing back into the right atriu after the right ventricle
Term
aortic valve
Definition
prevents blod from flowing back into the left bventricle after has entered aorta
Term
aorta
Definition
artery that brings oxygen rich blod fromleft ventricle to body
Term
mitral valve
Definition
prevents blood from flowing back into the left atriumafter it has entered theleft ventrical
Term
septum
Definition
prevents hte mixingof oxygen poor and rich blood - the heart divided between left (oxygen rich blood) and right (oxygen poor blood)
Term
atrium
Definition
upper chamber that receives blood
Term
ventricle
Definition
lower chamber that pumpsw the blood
Term
pulmonary circulation
Definition
the pathway between heart and lungs
Term
systemic circulation
Definition
pathway between heart and rest of the body - longest
Term
valves
Definition
flaps of connective tissue between atria and ventricles
Term
pacemaker
Definition
the node located in the right atrium that controls contractions
Term
arteries
Definition
large vessals that carry blood from the heart (from aorta)
Term
capillaries
Definition
smallest of the blood vessals that tie arteries and veins
Term
veins
Definition
vessals that carry blood from arteries to the heart
Term
tunica externa
Definition
outer edge of artery and vein
Term
tunica media
Definition
middle part of artery and vein (veins is a lot smaller because has less pressure)
Term
tunica interna
Definition
the middle part of an artery or vein
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
condition which fatty plaque builds up on arteries affects their flow
Term
hypertension
Definition
high blood pressure
Term
plasma
Definition
55% of lbood, 90 % of it is water, 10% = hormones, waste product so on
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
iron-containing bprotein that binds to o2 in lungs and transports it to tissues
Term
lymphocytes
Definition
white blood cells that prodcue antibodies that destroy pathogens (alot of white blood cells die when your sick)
Term
platelet
Definition
a fragment of cytoplasm that is enclosed into cell membrane asd is released
Term
lymph
Definition
a network of nodes and organs that collects this fluid that is lost by blood
Term
kidney
Definition
an organ that regulates blood pressure
Term
pharynx
Definition
passageway for food and air
Term
trachea
Definition
windpipe
Term
larynx
Definition
vocal cords
Term
bronchi
Definition
two large passageways in the chest cavity
Term
bronchioles
Definition
smaller passageways from the bronchi
Term
alveoli
Definition
tiny sacs where gas exchange is done
Term
diaphragm
Definition
muscle that forces you to breathe
Term
nicotine
Definition
stimulant drugthat increases heart rate and blood pressure
Term
emphysema
Definition
loss of elasticity in lungs becasuse of smoking
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