Term
SA node Phases
(resting pot 60mV) |
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Definition
4=ion channels open.conduct slo inward (depolarizing) Na+ currents
0=depolarization is primarily caused by increased Ca++ conductance (gCa++) through the L-type Ca++ channels
3=K+ channels open (increased gK+) thereby increasing the outward directed, hyperpolarizing K+ currents |
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Term
Ventricular muscle Phases
(resting pot 90mV) |
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Definition
0=rapid depolar;Na+ in
1=initial repolar;K+ out
2=plateau;K+ out, Ca2+ in
3=repolar;K+ out
4=resting;K+ out, Na+ in |
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Term
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Definition
| atrial depolar (0.12 secs) |
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Term
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Definition
| depolariz ventricle(0.12 sec) |
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Term
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Definition
| impulse through AV node & bundle branches (0.12-0.20 secs) |
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Term
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Definition
-Elevates w/ infarction from total coronary artery obstruction
-Depresses with Ischemia |
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Term
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Definition
| Ventricular Repolarization [relax] |
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Term
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Definition
| Ventricular depolarization and repolarization |
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Term
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Definition
LV leads = V5 & V6
RV leads = V1 & V2 |
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Term
| Most electrical wavefront is directed to |
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Definition
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Term
| T wave usually goes in same direction as |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Drugs
Electrolyte disturbances
(hypokalemia,calcemia,magnesemia) |
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Term
Frontal Leads (RIL) e-potential focused torwards
"u RIL if u in the front" |
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Definition
Inferior=II,III,aVF
Lateral=I, aVL
Rightward=aVR |
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Term
Precordial Leads e-potential focused torwards
["frekon ou "SAL"] |
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Definition
Septal=V1,V2
Apical=V3,V4
Lateral=V5,V6 |
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Term
| People who have had MI need |
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Definition
SAECG (signal averaged ECG)
-provides hi res for late ventr potentials |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sick sinus syndrome is BRADYCHARDIA that looks ____ on ECG |
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Definition
normal
(in sytolic heart dis, or AV block) |
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Term
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Definition
slowing through the AV node
(LONG PR)[vagal activity] |
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Term
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Definition
| not all atrial depol passes thru AV node (P to R varies, QRS disapears) |
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Term
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Definition
No atrial depol to AV nodes
-atrial to ventr depol= disccociated
[2ndary pacemaker takes overin bundle of His as ventr pacemker] |
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Term
| Repolarization abnormalities in K+.... |
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Definition
>5.5mEq/mL
[peaked T waves] |
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Term
| Progressive atrial paralysis in K+.... |
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Definition
>6.5mEq/mL
[p waves disapear,PR lengthens,P wave wide/flat] |
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Term
| Conduction abnormalities and bradycardia in K+.... |
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Definition
>7.0mEq/mL
-prolonged QRS
-hi grade AV block w/ slow escape rythm |
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Term
Re entrant tachycardia
[abnormality in impulse conduction] |
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Definition
Afib (atria)
Atrial flutter(atria)
PSVT(Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia)
Recurrent VT |
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Term
Early after depolarizations in P2 or P3 CAUSE
[all Na+ channels available] |
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Definition
[Depol incardiomyocites inRel refrac period]
Hypokalemia causing RXs
RX that block K+ channels
VT or TdP |
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Term
| Delayed after depolarizations in P4 CAUSE [all Na+ channels available] |
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Definition
| [depol in supernormal period] Drugs that inc Ca2+ DigoxinCatecholamines Premature Beats{PVCs} exercise induced tachycards |
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Term
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Definition
K+ <2.7mEq -T wave flattens PR longer -ST depression Prominent U wave (after Twave)
PWAVE inc in amp and length |
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Term
AFIB Ventr RATE
AFlutter Ventr rate |
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Definition
AFIB Ventr RATE=120-180 bpm
AFlutter Ventr rate= 75,100,150,300 BPM
SAWTOOTH PATTERN |
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Term
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Definition
rapid BPM/HR
-sob/fatigue
[worse in pt with mitral stenosis or cardiomyopathy] |
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Term
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Definition
STROKE
(thromboembolism & tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy) |
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Term
| PSVT(Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia) |
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Definition
-associated w/ AV NODE REENTRY
-sxs=fast HR w/o provokation,syncope,chest pressure/neck sensation -life threatening at >200bpm
-pwave disapear....QRS close togethr |
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Term
| Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) |
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Definition
| ectopic ventr beats not origonating from His purkinje system |
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Term
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Definition
asymptomatic to pulseless,hemodynamic collapse
- Fast heart rates
- poor LV
function will result in more severe symptoms |
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Term
| TdP (torsades de pointes) Associated with |
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Definition
long QT->500 msec
delayed repolarization– extends relative
refractory period
-– drugs that block K channels
– Hypokalemia or hypomagnesia
– genetic defects in channels |
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Term
myocarditis, myocardial
ischemia, heart failure can cause |
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Definition
| TdP (torsades de pointes) |
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Term
| VF (ventricular fibrillation) |
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Definition
hemodynamic collapse, syncope, and cardiac
arrest.
-no pulse(sudden cardiac death)
-CO & BP not recordable |
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Term
| Calculate rate Heart rate (R to R) on 12 lead |
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Definition
300/large blocks
or
QRS complexes x 6 |
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Term
| QTc greater than ??? avodi Qt porlonging RX |
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Definition
Male >450ms
female >460ms` |
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Term
| QTc is measured in which leads/HOW TO MEASURE QTc |
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Definition
II, V5, V6
Count squares from beg of QRS to end of T X 40ms
or BAZETT's Formula= QTc= QT/RR^1/2 |
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Term
| QT prolong big RISK FACTORS |
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Definition
-Female
-Hypokalemia,Manesemia,calcemia
-Ischemia
-LVH |
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Term
| This site shows QT prolonging drugs up to date |
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Definition
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