Term
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Definition
mast
granulocytes
Mononuclear phagocytes
lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
Allergic responses and wound healing
Connective tissue/mucus membranes/epithelia (especially skin) |
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Term
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Definition
Circulate in bloodstream
“Granules” destroy microbes |
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Term
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Definition
| Basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils |
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Term
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Definition
Allergic response to parasites
Granules = histamine and mediators |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammatory
Fight parasites |
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Term
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Definition
= Polymorphonuclear cells = PMNs)
Phagocytes
Most common WBC |
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Term
Mononuclear Phagocytes
include: |
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Definition
| monocytes and macrophages and mononuclear phagocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| circulate in blood stream |
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Term
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Definition
Tissue resident, differentiated monocyte
First contact w/microbe
Consume and digest microbes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Immature in tissue
Phagocytize and display antigens
Inflammatory cytokines cause maturation
Leave tissue for lymph nodes
Release cytokines, signal type of infection
Interact w/ and stimulate T-cells |
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Term
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Definition
| B and T cells, Natural killer cells |
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Term
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Definition
Develop in bone marrow
Make antibodies
Controlled by T-helper cells |
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Term
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Definition
Develop in thymus
Control responses
or
Kill infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
Check cells for abnormalities
Kill cells binding antibody
Kill cancerous or infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical barriers prevent microbes from entering/sticking |
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Term
| examples of innate defenses: |
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Definition
| skin, mucous membranes, peristalsis |
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Term
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Definition
Viscous antimicrobial secretions
Physical traps |
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Term
| innate biochemical barrier defenses: |
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Definition
Lysozyme
Stomach acid
Defensins
Iron-binding components
Complement proteins |
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Term
| innate BIOLOGICAL barrier deffenses: |
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Definition
Commensal microbial flora (lactobacilli)
granulocytes
inflammation |
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Term
| Innate defense warning signs and signals: |
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Definition
| Toll like receptors (TLRs) |
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Term
| Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) |
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Definition
Found on many cells
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)
Response = cytokines |
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Term
| Innate Signals: Cytokines and chemokines |
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Definition
Cell-cell contact or released/taken in
Binding sends further signals to nucleus
Response occurs
Changes in gene and protein expression
Regulatory proteins
Growth factors
Inflammation/fever |
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Term
| Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
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Definition
Engulf debris and microbes
Use receptors to assess other cells
Digestion
Exocytosis/display
“Opsonization” increases rate |
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Term
| what cells Engulf debris and microbes |
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Definition
| Mononuclear phagocytes and neutrophils |
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Term
| how does engulfment occur? |
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Definition
Pseudopods surround, endocytosis → phagosome
Lysosome fuses w/phagosome = phagolysosome |
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