Term
| As cells become larger... |
|
Definition
| it's volume increases faster than it's surface area. Because of this, large cells have trouble moing materials in and out of the cell. |
|
|
Term
| What is the process by which a cell divides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When cell divison occurs, each daughter cell...
(Hint* Think DNA) |
|
Definition
| recieves it's own copy of the parent cell's DNA. |
|
|
Term
| Name the phases of the cell cycle in order. |
|
Definition
1) G1 Phase-most cell growth occurs
2) S Phase-DNA Replication
3) G2 Phase-preparation for mitosis
4) M Phase-mitosis and cytokinesis |
|
|
Term
| Interphase is comprised of: |
|
Definition
G1 Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase |
|
|
Term
| Cell division occurs during what phase of the cell cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the area where sister chromatids are attached. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sister chromatids are visible during phase(s) |
|
Definition
Prophase
Metaphase
Mitosis |
|
|
Term
Name the phases of mitosis.
(Hint* PMAT) |
|
Definition
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase |
|
|
Term
| During Anaphase, spindle fibers do what? |
|
Definition
| Pull sister chromatids to opposite poles. |
|
|
Term
| Plant cells have a and Animal cells do not. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| By the end of both daughter cells have the same nuber of chromosomes as he parent had. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you got a cut on your finger, when would your cells normally stop growing? |
|
Definition
| When they come in contact with other cells. |
|
|
Term
| In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by protiens called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The inability of cells to control their growth rate. |
|
|
Term
| Cancer cells form masses called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used to study the inheritance of traits. |
|
Definition
Gregor Mendel/Mendel
pea plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cross between parents with different traits |
|
|
Term
| What did Mendel do to prevent self-pollination? |
|
Definition
| Removed the stamens from the flowers of plants |
|
|
Term
| The factors determine traits are genes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gregor Mendel realized that traits are inherited through the passing of factors from to . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F1 inherited? |
|
Definition
| Both, the tall and short allele |
|
|
Term
| The principle of dominance say: |
|
Definition
| that some alleles are dominant and some are recessive. |
|
|
Term
| In pea plants the allele for tall plants is over the allele for short plants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a heterozygous pea plant for is allowed to self-pollinate, some of the offspring will be tall and some of the offspring will be short |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The odds of flipping a coin and coming up with heads are? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The principles of probability can be used to...of offspring produced by genetic crosses. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In the P generation, a tall plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability tha an F2 plant will be short is?
(How many percent?) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organisms that have two identical traits for a particular trait are said to be . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A is used to predict and compare the genetic variations that will result from a cross. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The principles of independent assortment states that: |
|
Definition
| genes for different traits can segregate independently. Example : RRYy can lead to 2 allele combinations. |
|
|
Term
| What is incomplete dominance? |
|
Definition
| A situation where one allele for a gene is not completly dominant over another allele for that gene. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A situation where both alleles contribute to the phenotype. |
|
|
Term
| Traits controlled by two or more genes are said to be . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What molecule has the shape of a double helix? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nucleotides in DNA are made up of what? |
|
Definition
| Deoxyribose, a Nitrogenous Base, and a Phosphate. |
|
|
Term
| Because of base pairing, the of purines to pyrimidines is about equal in DNA. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In eukaryotic organismsthe DNA is located where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During the process of , DNA is copied in two identical copies. Each copy contains one strand, and one strand of DNA. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the four bases found in DNA.(Hint* ATCG) |
|
Definition
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine |
|
|
Term
| During the process of replication, a DNA strand with the bases TCAGT will form a strand with what bases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| While DNA contains the base , RNA contains the base instead. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the three types of RNA. |
|
Definition
| Messenger, Ribosomal, and Transfer RNA. |
|
|
Term
| Translation is protien synthesis. Translation involves all three types of . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is the process by which RNA molecules are produced from DNA. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The describes the sequence of nucleotides used to produce amino acids. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are 64 different kinds of codon but only 20 amino acids. Because of this, a(n) can be specifies by more than one codon. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genes contain what for making proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genes for proteins can be turned on and off depending upon . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Breeds of all kinds of animals have been produced by selective breeding. True of False? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Selective breeding is used to produce desired -blank- in offspring. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inbreeding is the not continued breeding of closely related individuals, and it can lead many genetic defects. True of False? |
|
Definition
| False. It is the continued inbreeding of closely related individuals. |
|
|
Term
| The crossing of a horse and a donkey produces a mule which is an example of -blank- . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variability. True or False? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Restriction enzymes are used to patch DNA fragments together. True or False. |
|
Definition
| False. Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA into fragments. |
|
|
Term
| Hundreds of restriction enzymes are known, and each one cuts DNA at a specific sequence of . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| -Blank- is used to separate DNA into fragments. (Hint* It's not restriction enzymes) |
|
Definition
|
|
