Term
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Definition
| Any substance that occupies space and has weight. |
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Term
| Since liquids and gases have many properties in common, how are they frequently classified? |
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Definition
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Term
| All matter is made up of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which matter has the property of resisting changes in shape when a force is applied? |
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Definition
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Term
| When sufficient force to a solid causes distortion, the solid is said to have exceeded what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which factors affect the amount of expansion and contraction of a solid? |
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Definition
| The amount of temperature change and the expansion characteristics of the solid. |
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Term
| What are the most outstanding characteristics of a liquid? |
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Definition
| Its ability to conform to the shape of its containing vessel and that it has a free surface. |
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Term
| For a liquid to transmit a pushing force, what condition must exist first? |
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Definition
| It must be completely enclosed in a container. |
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Term
| What would cause a cylinder of air to increase in pressure when placed in the sun? |
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Definition
| The air (gas) expands as its temperature increases, and since it is confined by the cylinder, its pressure will increase. |
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Term
| What is one of the main differences in the characteristics of gases when compared to liquids? |
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Definition
| Gases are compressible while liquids are not. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of force acting on a unit of area |
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Definition
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Term
| A substance that is a liquid or a gas. |
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of distance an object moves. |
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Definition
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Term
| The measurement of a surface. |
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of push or pull exerted on an object. |
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Definition
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Term
| The movement of a fluid caused by pressure difference. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Expressed in square inches. |
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Definition
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Term
| Expressed in cubic inches |
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Definition
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Term
| State the basic principle of Pascal’s Law |
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Definition
| When a fluid is confined and force is applied, this force (pressure) is transmitted equally to all points in the system. |
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Term
| Under what conditions does Pascal’s Law not apply to fluids? |
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Definition
| Pascal’s Law does not apply to fluids in motion. |
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Term
| State the basic principle of Boyle’s Law. |
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Definition
| If the pressure on a confined gas varies, its volume will vary inversely in the same proportion as long as the temperature does not change. |
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Term
| Using Charles’s Law, explain the effect of heating a gas in a cylinder that has a movable piston. |
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Definition
| Heating a confined gas will cause an expansion (volume increase) in direct proportion to its temperature change, thus causing the piston to move |
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Term
| What is another name for the Boyle’s–Charles’s law? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for defining fluids under pressure? |
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Definition
| (F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea, |
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Term
| What is the formula for Volume? |
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Definition
| (V)olume = (A)rea x (L)ength |
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Term
| What is the mechanical advantage ratio if a 60-pound force is used to raise a 240-pound weight? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mechanical advantage ratio if a 3-pound force is used to raise 99 pounds? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 150-pound weight is placed on a 10-square-inch piston and is then lifted by a force applied to a 2-square-inch piston. What force is required on the small piston, and what is the mechanical advantage? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 20-pound force on a 3-square-inch piston can lift how much weight on a 12-square-inch piston? What is the mechanical advantage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pressure (psi) on a surface 12 square inches in area and supporting a weight of 216 pounds? |
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Definition
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Term
| How far will an 8-square-inch piston move if a 2-square-inch piston moves 8 inches? |
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Definition
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Term
| What characteristic of a fluid determines its resistance to flow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What effect does an orifice have on fluid-flow when compared to a venturi? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can resistance to flow be reduced? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pressure difference can be observed during fluid-flow through a venturi? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much fluid should a reservoir hold? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do nonpressurized reservoirs have space above the fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What prevents foreign material from entering the reservoir during servicing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two main reasons for pressurizing a reservoir? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you service a pressurized hydraulic reservoir with fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unit in the pressurized hydraulic reservoir pressurizes the hydraulic fluid to 5 psi? |
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Definition
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Term
| To service or perform maintenance on an air-pressurized reservoir, what is the first thing you must do? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three functions of the air-pressurized reservoir pressure regulator |
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Definition
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Term
| How are pumps classified? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two purposes does the hand pump serve? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the hand pump handle is on the retraction stroke, which check valve is closed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What indicates that either check valve inside the hand pump has malfunctioned? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a third check valve is installed, what could be the problem if fluid is only sent into the system on the extension stroke? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a drawback of a constant-volume pump? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the thinned portion on the drive shaft of a gear-type pump called? |
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Definition
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Term
| On a vane-type pump, what keeps the vanes against the housing wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the constant-volume piston pump, what drives the cylinder block? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does a constant-volume piston pump always have a constant intake and output of fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the suction boost pump do for engine-driven pumps? |
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Definition
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Term
| What regulates pressure in a variable-volume pump? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main difference between a Vickers stroke-reduction pump and a constant-volume pump? |
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Definition
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Term
| What position is the Vickers pump’s cylinder block and yoke in when the system is at 0 psi? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do the pistons have a stroke when the Vickers pump reaches the zero flow point? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two major component groups of the Kellogg pump? |
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Definition
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Term
| What determines the length of the Kellogg pump’s piston stroke? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the creep plates in Stratopower pumps? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the pistons of the Stratopower pump. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which way would you turn the adjusting screw on the Stratopower pump to increase pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of a hydraulic motor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can be used to control the speed of a hydraulic motor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the principle of a jackscrew |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of an accumulator in a hydraulic system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common type of accumulator used? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which accumulator has a drilled passageway in the piston for lubrication? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the air-servicing valve located on the piston accumulator? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the piston accumulator is serviced with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which accumulator has four separate chambers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only moving part of a self-displacing accumulator? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the self-displacing accumulator system, where is the relief valve located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three basic parts of a filter assembly? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of the filter assembly is mounted to the aircraft? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does micron rating mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two ways fluids can usually flow through a filter assembly? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are hydraulic manifolds designed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is it physically impossible to install the wrong valve in a manifold? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of an actuating cylinder? |
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Definition
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Term
| Commonly used on flight control systems to ensure operation by connecting to two separate hydraulic systems |
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Definition
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Term
| Used when more force is required to move an object one way more than the other. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Has piston rod that extends through both ends of the cylinder |
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Definition
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Term
| Offers equal force in either direction |
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Definition
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Term
| Commonly used on cargo door systems. |
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Definition
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Term
| Used on nose wheel steering. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How many pistons are in a tandem actuator? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the internal snubber actuator? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the main system relief valve normally installed in a hydraulic system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of a selector valve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the advantage of a slide selector valve over the poppet type? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of a check valve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the different types of automatic check valves? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of check valve is used primarily in low-pressure systems, such as the air pressurized reservoir system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What order of events do sequence valves set? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the pressure regulator besides maintaining pressure within a predetermined range? |
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Definition
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Term
| What component is used in systems to limit the speed of movement of such items as wing flaps and landing gear? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is a restrictor check valve usually installed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What names are commonly used for the manually operated shutoff valves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of a motor-operated shutoff valve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is installed in the hydraulic system to prevent total fluid loss? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is internal leakage of a shuttle valve usually repaired? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for the supply section of a basic hydraulic system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which section of a basic hydraulic system contains all the lines and units starting with the pump to the selector valve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four units of a hand pump system? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much pressure is required to lift 2,300 pounds using an actuator with 2 square inches of working area? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would happen to a constant-volume pump hydraulic system if there were no relief valves? |
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Definition
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Term
| In order to properly design a hydraulic system, what must be considered? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the disadvantage of a constant-volume pump hydraulic system, which has a relief valve but does not have any components to relieve the pump’s workload? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pressure does the pressure regulator and pressure switch maintain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does fluid-flow go when a regulator is kicked out? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the term “operating range” mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main purpose of the accumulator in the regulator or pressure switch controlled system? |
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Definition
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