Term
|
Definition
| a process of age-related changes throughout the lifespan |
|
|
Term
| Six Assumptions of the Lifespan Perspective |
|
Definition
development is: 1. lifelong 2. multidimensional 3. multidirectional (growth and decline) 4. plastic (open to change) 5. involves growth and maintenance 6. influences on development (normative, historical, nonnormative) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar for individuals in a particular age group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar for individuals in a certain generation at a formative time in their lives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
unusual occurences major impact but not applicable to many people (i.e.- bill clinton meeting JFK) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
change is stimulated from within active |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
change stimulated by the environment passive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discontinuous development |
|
Definition
stages qualitative changes |
|
|
Term
| Freud's theory of psychosexual development |
|
Definition
-relationship between the id, ego, and superego determine an individual's personality -development occurs in stages, resolving psychosexual conflicts |
|
|
Term
| Erikson's psychosocial theory |
|
Definition
-lifespan, people continue to develop beyond childhood -personality development is a psychosocial process -eight stages: psychosocial crisis/challenge -more emphasis on ego than id |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Watson) classical conditioning learn to respond to conditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Skinner) focuses on consequences of behavior reinforcement increases likelihood punishmend decreases likelihood |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive Behaviorism/Social Learning Theory |
|
Definition
(Bandura) observational learning (imitation) humans as cognitive beings self-efficacy |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive Development Theory |
|
Definition
(Piaget) child is an active, naive scientist two major processes of change: accomodation and assimilation learning in stages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incorporate new info into existing knowledge systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| children change existing knowledge systems to accomodate new info |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
not stage-like gradual accumulation of knowledge |
|
|
Term
| Vygotsky's Sociocultural Cognitive Theory |
|
Definition
focuses on how culture is transmitted cognitive development as a socially mediated process |
|
|
Term
Development Neuroscience Perspective |
|
Definition
thoughts and behaviors arise from biology (genes, brain function, hormones) development is the result of interactions between genes, biology, and the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the aging process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fundamental markers that shape our development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| age group we travel through life with |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
biological limit of life 105 years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to education and income |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most affluent countries (US, canada, australia, japan, ect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
more impoverished countries (africa, haiti, afghanistan, ect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prize social harmony obedience close family |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prize independence competition personal success |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Bowlby) closely connected to a caregiver/significant other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
genetic tendencies provoke certain responses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people affect one another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genetic tendencies cause us to choose specific environments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| different age groups at the same time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one age group over many years |
|
|
