Term
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Definition
| a layer of gases that surrounds the Earth made up of chemical elements |
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Term
Components of Dry Air
Percentages |
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Definition
Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon
78% 21% 1% |
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Term
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Definition
water vapor
carbon dioxide
Ozone |
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Term
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Definition
small particles in the atmosphere (dust, pollen)
necessary for condensation |
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Term
Nitrogen Cycle
Maintains...
order |
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Definition
Maintains level of Nitrogen in the atmosphere
Air - Soil - Plants - Animals - Air |
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Term
| How is oxygen added to the air? |
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Definition
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Term
| Photosynthesis occurs both by _____ and ____ based plants |
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Definition
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Term
| Water Vapor is added to the air due to _____ and _______. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when plants release H2O into the atmosphere |
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Term
| Water Vapor is removed from the air dur to _____ and ______. |
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Definition
Condensation
Precipitation |
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Term
| The percent of water vapor in the air varies due to ____, ____, ____, and ___. |
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Definition
Temperature
Seasons
Location
Time of Day |
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Term
| Ozone molecules contain 3 ____ ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Particulates are necessary for ______ of water vapor. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Volcanic Dust
Microscopic Organisms
Pollen
Vaporized Meteors
Salt from evaporated sea spray |
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Term
| Atmospheric Pressure is exerted ____ in all directions |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 factors that affect the atmospheric pressure? |
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Definition
Altitude
Temperature
Water Vapor |
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Term
| Altitude- the farither from the Earth's surface, the _____ the air, due to weaker _______ ____ toward the center of the earth |
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Definition
thinner
gravitational pull |
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Term
| Temperature- in general, as it increases, the atmospheric pressure ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Water Vapor- air that contains it is less _____ because their molecules have less ____ then ____ or ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| You measure atmospheric pressure using a _____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Layers of Earth- closest to farthest from earth |
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Definition
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere |
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Term
Troposphere- place where most ___ occurs
almost all the __ ___ and ___ ___ is.
Temperature ____ as altitude ____
The air is heated by... |
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Definition
weather
water vapor
carbon dioxide
decreases
increases
Earth's surface |
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Term
| Water vapor takes ___ with it when it evaporates |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Stratosphere contains nearly all the ___.
temp. _____ as altitude _____
It is heated from ____ by ___ ___ that is absorbed by the ____ |
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Definition
ozone
increases
decreases
above
solar radiation
ozone |
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Term
Mesosphere has the ____ temp.
the temp. _____ as the altitude _____ |
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Definition
coldest
decreases
increases |
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Term
Thermosphere extends into ___ ___.
temp ___ as altitude ____
_ and _ atoms absorb radiation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Energy from the sun doesn't need a _____ to go through |
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Definition
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Term
| Earth's atmosphere is heated by the _____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| all forms of energy that travels through space as waves |
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Term
| Radiation travels at a very _____ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| visible light is only a small portion of ______ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| different colors are due to _____ ___ _______ |
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Definition
| differences in wavelengths |
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Term
the shortest visible light wavelengths are _____ _____
the longest visible wavelengths are ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| light is ____ and has ____ __ __ ______ mixed in |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| all wavelengths of energy emitted by the sun |
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Term
| the atmosphere and radiation protect us from ____ _____ ____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when clouds, dust, water droplets and gas molecules reflect and bend solar rays |
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Term
| the sky is blue because of.... |
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Definition
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Term
| solar energy reflected by the clouds, dust and earth's surface is ___% |
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Definition
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Term
| solar energy absorbed by clouds, dust and gases is ___% |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| fraction of solar energy reflected |
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Term
| ___ and ___ have an effect on Earth's albedo |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ and ___ have an effect on Earth's albedo |
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Definition
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Term
| Greenhouse is mostly _____, but recently the energy has been going up too much and not down enough, making the Earth too ___, this is because of ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| latitude is a primary factor of ____ ____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| most direct sunlight 235 degrees |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tropic of capricorn (23.5%) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| water vapor ____ and ____ heat |
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Definition
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Term
| the sun heats the ____ ____ during the day |
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Definition
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Term
| the heat is _______ to Earth at night |
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Definition
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Term
| places like the desert (with low humidity) are ____ during the day, but ____ at night |
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Definition
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Term
| LI is temperate because.... |
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Definition
| water helps us regulate our temp |
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Term
| water takes longer to ___ ___ and longer to ___ ____. This makes the water in the summer to be ____ and opposite with winter |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of matter due to differences in density caused by temp differences |
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Term
| heated matter becomes ___ ___ and is pushed upward by more ____ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
cold, dense air ___
warm air ___ |
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Definition
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Term
pressure differentials in the atmosphere
caused by ...
it causes... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the characteristic that distinguishes each element |
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Term
| all atoms of an element contain the exact # of _____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the # of protons and neutrons in an atom |
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Term
1 proton =
1 neutron =
1 electron = |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an atom that has the same # of protons (same atomic #) but a different # of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons |
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Term
more electrons (e-) then protons (p+) =
more protons then electrons = |
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Definition
negatively charged
positive |
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Term
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Definition
| the attractive force between 2 oppositely charged ions, which forms when electrons are transferred from 1 atom to another |
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Term
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Definition
| a bond formed when atoms share one of more pairs of electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of air is caused by pressure differences which are caused by temp differences |
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Term
| A a whole air near Earth's surface.... |
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Definition
| flows from poles to the equator |
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Term
| air moves from ___ pressure regions to ___ pressure regions |
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Definition
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Term
cold air sinks ----
warm air rises ---- |
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Definition
high pressure
low pressure |
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Term
| 4 influences on global air movement |
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Definition
Coriolis effect
Prevailing winds
2 pressure zones per hemisphere
jetstreams |
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Term
Coriolis effect
northern hemisphere deflects-
southern hemisphere deflects- |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 wind belts in each hemisphere |
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Definition
Polar easterlies
westerlies
trade winds |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-additional global winds
-2 in N.H. and 2 in S.H. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
polar easterlies
unnamed
westerlies |
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Term
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Definition
Horse Latitudes
Northern Trade Winds
Doldrums |
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Term
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Definition
Southern Trade Winds
Horse Latitudes
Westerlies |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| all matter has _ types of distinguished properties |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Physical Property of Matter-
Ex: |
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Definition
properties that can be observed without changing the compotsitions
:color, shape, mass, density, texture, taste, smell, boiling, freezing, electric |
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Term
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Definition
a substance that cant be broken into a simpler, stable substance by chemical means
has a characteristic set of physical and chemical properties that can be used to identify it |
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Term
| more then 90 elements occur in ____, the remains are ____ |
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Definition
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Term
atom-
Very ___
consists of _______ ______ |
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Definition
the smallest unit of an element that has chemical properties of that element
small
subatomic particles |
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Term
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Definition
proton
electron
neutron
nucleus |
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Term
proton =
electron =
neutron =
nucleus consists of _____ and _____ |
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Definition
| positive negative not charged protons, nuetrons |
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Term
___ & _____ repel
___ & _____ repel
___ &______ do NOT repel |
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Definition
negative, negative
positive, positive
negative, positive |
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Term
| neutral atoms contain and equal # of ____ and _____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
atomic #/ #of protons
atomic symbol
atomic mass/ # of protons + # of neutrons |
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Term
| ____ ____ defines the type of atom |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the characteristic that distinguishes each element |
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Term
| all atoms of an element contain that exact # of ____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the # of protons and neutrons in an atoms |
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Term
| Chemical Property of Matter |
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Definition
| how a substance reacts with other substances |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The ____ protects Earth's surface from harmful solar radiation |
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Definition
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Term
| nitrogen is removed from the air by nitrogen-fixing ____ that live in the soil |
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Definition
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Term
| each molecule of ozone contains ___ oxygen atoms |
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Definition
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Term
| the pressure exerted on a surface by the atmosphere is called ____ pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| An ____ barometer consist of a sealed container that changes shape as the atmospheric pressure changes |
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Definition
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Term
| the most abundant compounds in the atmosphere are |
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Definition
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