Expressionism

-Modernist Movment

-Initially in poetry and painting

-Originating in Germany

-Inner feelings are expressed more then outter (Express meaning or Emotional experience rather then physical reality)

Futurism

-Artistic and Social movemant

-Originated in Italy

-Anarcist movement

-Drawing inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome

-Rejection of the "Romantic Ideal": Irraltionality, Excess emotion, Yearning, Nationalism, Individualism

12-tone system

-Deceloped by Schoenberg

-Technique of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded.

-12-tone Row was used to help

2^nd Viennese School

-School of thought

-Group of composers 

-Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils

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Klangfarbenmelodie

-Musical Technique involves splitting a musical line or melody between several instruments

-Not just in one instrument or group thus adding color and texture to the melodic line

rotational form

vernacular musics

-Art movement that originated with a group of Paris-based artists

-Traditional lines and boundaries are obscured

-Deliberate avoidance of traditional abstract formes(e.g. Sonata, Rondo, etc.)

Use of exotic scales and effects to creat dream like imagery.

ragtime

-Syncopated

-Dance music in the red-light district in African American communities in the South.

-Mainly writen for the piano

exoticism

-exoticism is a genre in which the rhythms, melodies, or instrumentation are designed to evoke the atmosphere of far-off lands or ancient times

-Influenced by some ethnich groups or civilizations

-Draw inspiration from a forein culture (appropriation)

primitivism

-Borrows forms from non-Western or prehistoric peoples

-Draw inspiration from one's native cultural heritage

hexachord

-Six-note series

-Can be exhibited in a scale or tone row

Sprechstimme

-German speak-singing

-Operatic Recitative manner of singing

teleological genesis

Symbolism

-Use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities

 -Reaction against the Romantic Ideal

-Dreamlike Ethos

-Revolution against "rules" - Blank Verse

-Impression of a thing rather then the thing itself

-Mallanme: "sing of the nothing" Truth in it.

-Suggest felling not said out right

-Senses= poetry and music are the same thing

-Belief in synaethesia

Hauptstimme

-Main part

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theosophy

-Systems of esoteric philosophy concerning, or inverstigation seeking direct knowledge of, presumed mysteries of being and nature, particularly concerning the nature of divinity.

avant-garde

collage technique

the “mystic chord”

-A six-note synthetic chord and its associated scale or pitch collection

-this chord serves as the loose harmonic and melodic bass.

-Used by Alexander Scriabin

polytonality

-Use of more than one key simultaneously

-Bitonality is the use of only two different key at the same time

-Polyvalence is the use of more then one harmonic function

cumulative form

-Symbolist and Impressionist

-Symbolist poetry inspired many works

-Art songs set to these poems

-Symbolist tenets in music: Dreamlike Ethose, Broke the "rules" of musical grammer and syntax, Programmatic nature of music implies the "Impression" of the Thing-almost"Sing of the nothing"

hook

-Musical Catch

-A short riff, passage, or phrase

post-tonal

synaesthesia

-A neurological phenomenon in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involutary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway

-Alexander Scriabin suffered from it.

Tin Pan Alley

-Collection of New York City music publishers and songwriters.

-In summer could hear the piano's being played.

-Used song pluggers

neotonality

Nebenstimme

-Accompanying voice

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Weltschmertz 

song plugger

Sergei Diaghilev

-Founder of the Ballets Russes

-Impresario

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George Antheil

-American avant-garde composer, pianist, author and inventor whose modernist musical compositions explored the modern sounds.

-Composed for movies and ecentually films.

Ralph Vaughan Williams

-Austrian-Viennese

-Self-Taught in composition: Ardent Student, Learnd by studying Scores

-Mentored by Zemlinsky and Mahler

-Important composer, Theorist and teacher

-Two important style periods: Before 1907-Late Romantic influenced by Brahms, Wagner and Strauss

-1907-1921: Free Chromaticism ("atonal") Most important works between 1907 and 1913, 1913-1921 Period of experimentation and formulation.

-1921-1949: 12 tone: Developed system or row

-With Expressionism

-A Major Expressionist icon

-"Moondrunk"- Made temporarily insane by the moon.

-Does not get the girl and bad things seem to follow

-Father of Expressionism and abstract art

-Wrote Concerning the Spiritual in Art

-Published Der Blaue Reiter- the Expressionist Almanac

-Expressionism Trates: Reality is what's inside, not in the appearance

-Eroticism and neurosis to the point of sickness

-People are helpless victims of their own inner urges

-New German School's "heir apprent"

-Tone poems immediantely in standared repertoire

-Saw himself as both Beethoven's and Wagner's "true Successor"

-Obsessed with his own biography

-Considered the more original by Schoenberg

-Salome

-One of the most important Composers of his time

-Sudied with Rimsky-Korsakov

-Reinvented what he said about his music every 10 years

-Best loved workd from his "Russian Period"

-Prinitive style: Ostinato Figures, Juxtaposed blocks interrupt on another, But "Continue" in the background, Polychords, Experimental Orchestral effects, "Dry" orchestral articulations, Emotional objectivity

-First composer to identify himself as an Impressionist

-Harmonic notions inspired Debussy and Revel: especially unrsolved 7th and 9th chords

-Eccentric: did everything with satire and wit.

-Intentionally on the "Simple" side

-Experimental with musical elements (barlines, form, keys, Etc.)

-Inspired by populat music, as well as modern art.

-Futurist most philosophically importsnt to music

-1913: published the Futurists' Musical Manifesto: The Art of Noises

-"music intoners": the first music-making machines (early synthesizers)

-Music included elements of chance