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Term coined by Howard Block.
Senator Joseph McCarthy (R/WI) became the face of the anti communism movement and spearheaded the persecution of suspected communists. |
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| House Un-American Activities Committee |
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Panel of senators and lawmakers led by Joseph McCarthy
People accused of anti american activities - communism - were questioned (basically told to name names of other communists)
Those who did not were cited for contempt of congress. Being called in often meant blacklisting and losing their jobs. |
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| List of entertainment professionals unable to work in the industry because of real or suspected political allegiances. Cited for contempt of congress and blacklisted, this list ultimately grew to include hundreds of people. |
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Executive Order 9835
Designed to weed out communists, helped to prolong and intensify the second red scare.
Gave the government the right to investigate and spy on people they suspected of being communists. |
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| A committee formed to look into McCarthy's allegations that he had a list of known communists working in state departments. The list was known as the "Lee List". Senator Millard Tydings declared McCarthy's findings a hoax. |
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| Sudden crusade against homosexuality in the 1960s. Newton Arvin was arrested for having soft core homoerotic pictures. He, Edwin Spofford, and Joel Dorius were all terminated from their jobs at Smith College. They were arrested and tried although their convictions were later overturned. |
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| Re-evaluation of McCarthyism |
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| A decline in support of McCarthyism and the blacklistings. Many execs in Hollywood decided to end the blacklists and invite their blacklisted back to work. John Henry Faulk, a news commentator, sued the firm who had investigated him and won. In 1957, the Supreme Court extremely cut back on the power of the HUAC. |
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| Long-term effects of McCarthyism |
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| Many people had hard time ever really finding work again. The opposition to McCarthyism is compared now to the opposition of the War on Terror. |
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| Set of proposals presented by Harry S Truman in the interest of economic development and social welfare. This was when Truman first proposed universal healthcare. He was shot down. Also an attempt to repeal Taft-Hartley. Unsuccessful. |
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| Federal law monitoring the power of Labor Unions. Prohibited many kinds of strikes and boycotts. Allowed employers to fire supervisors that supported unions. Truman was strongly against (and vetoed) the act, but was overridden by Congress. |
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| Russian author and philosopher. Strong supporter of laissez-faire capitalism and influence of many libertarian and conservatives today. Coined the term 'objectivism' and created the objectivist movement. Objectivism: "the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own happiness as the moral purpose of his life, with productive achievement as his noblest activity, and reason as his only absolute." |
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| Combination of social conservatism and libertarianism. Heightened during the presidency of Ronald Reagan. The opposite of objectivism. |
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| Conservative magazine founded by William F. Buckley. |
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| The agreement of both major political parties in the US (democratic and republican) to work together to fight against the growing threat of communism in the world. Both parties put aside their differences and agreed to do anything they could to stop communism |
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| Segregationist party in the South in 1948. Carried 4 states in the 1948 presidential election. |
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| Truman elected. The first election where Civil Rights played a big impact in the voting. Southern Dixiecrat party created to stop Truman and keep desegregation from occurring. |
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| A presidential committee designed by Truman in 1947 to improve civil rights laws. Desegregated the army. |
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| Brown v. Board of Education |
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Abolished segregation in public schools.
A lot of the 'separate but equal' schools were not equal. The Supreme Court ruled that even if they were, segregation was harmful to black students learning and well being. Segregation in schools was overturned. |
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| Progressive candidate for president in 1948. Lost to Truman. His campaign was in favor of friendly Soviet relations and complete segregation. Thought to be a communist. |
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| George McLaurin was seeking a master's in education at the University of Oklahoma and not admitted. He sued. He was then admitted but was provided with completely segregated quarters. He carried it to the Supreme Court which ended the segregation (and segregation of all graduate and professional schools) completely. |
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Prominent Civil Rights activist
led Montgomery Bus Boycott, organized SCLC, gave historic "I Have A Dream" speech
assassinated in 1968 |
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| Prominent Civil and Human Rights Activist |
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| Created by Virginia senator Harry F. Byrd Sr. in an attempt to unite other white politicians against the desegregation of public schools. |
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| Overturned a conviction of a black male for trespassing in a "White's only" bus terminal. |
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| National Housing Act of 1949 |
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Part of the Fair Deal
Authorized 800,000 public housing
authorized mortgage insurance
slum clearance programs |
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| founded neo-evangelicalism |
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| A new form of evangelicalism that would not focus on the wars and militant biblical stances; wanted to pursue intellectual and non-judgmentalism. |
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| Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee |
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| A group of students organizing protests against segregation and unequal rights for blacks. Started by Ella Baker, they organized many sit-ins and freedom rides. They were key organizers in the March on Washington and the Freedom Summer. |
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| De jure vs. De facto segregation |
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De jure: segregation of races that is imposed by law
De facto: segregation of races in daily life |
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| Mississippi Freedom Summer |
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| campaign organized by SNCC to encourage mississippi african-americans to register to vote. Volunteers were meant with threats and violence and in some extreme cases, death. Did not have much effect on voter registration but had major effect on the Civil Rights Movement at large. |
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| Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party |
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| Mississippi political party created during the civil rights movement. |
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| Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner |
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| Three freedom fighters in Mississippi who were murdered by KKK members while volunteering during the Mississippi Freedom Summer. |
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| Two brothers and their mother are arrested in LA sparking citywide riots. |
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| political ideology emphasizing an interest in african american interests and advancement. sprung forward the 'black is beautiful' and 'black arts' movements. |
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A book written by John Kenneth Galbraith about post WWII America's wealth.
The wealth was being distributed and amassed among private sectors and a huge gap was being forged between the rich and the poor. |
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First artificial satellite to be put into Earth's orbit by Russia
sparked the Space Race |
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presidential candidate in 1964
"Mr. Conservative"
Fought to reject New Deal |
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Kennedy vs. Nixon
Kennedy won on a platform about civil rights
EXTREMELY close race. |
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| Political group supporting anti communism, limited government, constitutional republic, personal freedom. Extremely right wing. |
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| Opposition to the Vietnam War |
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| Many people strongly opposed the war, especially college students. Campus unrest became a big thing in the US during wartime. Soldiers faced a difficult homecoming and opposition was at 72% of Americans by May 1971. |
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| Mass evacuation of children from South Vietnam to safer countries like the US, Australia, France, and Canada. |
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The easing of strained relations
In this case, a series of treaties and agreements made with the Soviet Union to end the cold war. |
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| Large urban housing project in St. Louis in 1954. Conditions deteriorated until the place was infamous for the level of poverty there. |
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| Overcrowded, poor economic conditions, a real "big city" |
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| Economic and social changes caused by a removal/reduction of industrial capital and activity. |
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| landmark abortion case that stated that abortion may be performed until a fetus can viably live outside the womb (usually around 28 weeks). still being debated today. |
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| Soviet invasion of Afghanistan |
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| 9 year proxy war between Soviet Russia and Afghanistan. Soviets withdrew in 1985 |
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| Socialist political party in Nicaragua. |
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| Jimmy Carter defeated by Ronald Reagan - very very right leaning. Not the best president we've ever had, despite what Poppi seems to think. |
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| Reagan's system of economics to end the energy crisis, and do some budget stuff. |
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| another name for reagan economics as far as i can tell. Negative one. |
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| Reagan's big changes and the progress made with the Soviet Union during his presidency |
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the disproportionate amount of people suffering from poverty happen to be female
lack of income, gender biases, and deprivation of capabilities all play a role |
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| The name given to the Soviet Union by Ronald Reagan |
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The impact on domestic policy post Vietnam war
people very shaken and reluctant to support the military |
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| End of the Cold war & Reagan |
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Reagan met with Gorbachev and relationships thawed.
.....trained muslims to fight against the soviet union. |
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| A book by Francis Fukuyama that states that the end of the Cold War and communism and the spread of the Western liberal democracy is the "end of history". Re: Western liberal democracy is the end all of human government. |
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| Dramatic change of thought and balance of power. End of the cold war resulted in the extreme spread of western political ideologies. |
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| Criticism of liberalism in the 1960s |
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Blamed for the collapse of American culture by the right
Seen as becoming too close to communism by the left |
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Johnson vs. Goldwater
Johnson won pretty hard
Carried every state except the southern ones (and Arizona)
Goldwater is a nutcase. |
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| Johnson's idea of what he thought America could be. This included major social reforms to eliminate poverty and racial inequality, as well as increasing funding for education, health, urban problems, etc. |
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| Documentary done in 1960 by Edward Murrow showing the plight of migrant agriculture workers |
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| Influential book depicting poverty in the United States. It is believed that this book inspired Johnson's "War on Poverty." |
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| LBJ's proposed legislation to end poverty in the United States. May have been inspired by The Other America. LBJ argued that 19% of Americans lived in poverty. Major initiatives included the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 and Social Security Act of 1965. |
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| Organization that fought for welfare rights. Made up of 25k people (mostly african american women). They identified four goals: adequate income, justice, dignity, and democratic participation. |
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Abolished the National Origins formula that had been in place since 1924
Replaced the system with a preference quota of immigrants' skills and family ties with citizens of the U.S. |
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Capital of South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.
The city that the US was fighting to defend. |
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| City in Northern Vietnam that was the site of a battle between French army and the Viet Minh communist army. The French Army were driven out of the city and this helped to kick start the Vietnam war. |
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| The theory that if one national state fell under communism, the surrounding states would do the same. |
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| The communist South Vietnamese army that was trying to take over South Vietnam. Main enemy during the Vietnam war. Fought with guerrilla warfare and tactics unfamiliar to the US. Won the war. |
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| An alleged attack by the People's army of Vietnam on American troops. The event was very distorted and no one is 100% sure what actually happened or if it happened. Johnson wasn't even actually sure. |
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| An attack planned by the People's Army of Vietnam against South Vietnamese forces, US, and allies. |
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| Students for a Democratic Society |
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| A student activist organization that started in the 1960s. Dissolved in 1969 but the style and activism of the organization has spawned and inspired many others. |
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| Young Americans for Freedom |
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| Conservative youth organization that was started in the 1960s by William F. Buckley. Supported conservative candidates and policies and reacted negatively to radicalism of other student organizations. |
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| Descriptive term for a new and more radical era of right wing politics. |
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| Backlash against liberalism |
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liberalism was very actively protesting in the 1960s and 1970s against the war and other things and there was backlash because they were dirty hippies.
Parents just don't understand. |
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Political ideology that is usually morally influenced
THINK ABOUT THE CHILDREN and usually the children don't care
Form of authoritarianism that uses the government to justify their ideas of morality |
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| Nixon won. Very sad election as MLKJ and RFK died this year. |
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| Strategy of republicans to exploit racism in the south by appealing to anger about desegregation and fears of government control. |
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| large group of people who do not express opinions publicly |
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| Series of military operations conducted in Cambodia by the U.S. during the Vietnam war |
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| Policy by Richard Nixon reducing the number of troops in Vietnam and expanding the combat role of the troops |
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| National Right to Life Committee |
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Pro-Life organization founded in 1968
non partisan political group |
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| Proposed amendment to the U.S. constitution that outlawed sex discrimination. Expired before it could receive the amount of ratifications necessary to pass. |
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Pageant queen and outspoken critic of homosexuality
Damaged her career by campaigning against homosexuality in Florida |
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Campaigned very actively against Equal Rights Amendment
outspoken critic of modern feminism |
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Violent demonstrations against a police raid in New York City
Started the Gay Rights Movement |
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| 66 americans held hostage for 444 days in Iran after a group of Islamist students took over the American embassy in support of the Iranian Revolution. |
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| War between Iraq and US because of Iraq's invasion and annexing of Kuwait. |
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| Humanitarian Intervention |
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| state's use of military force against another state when the other state is violating human rights. |
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| Five New Jersey widows who campaigned for an investigation of the causes of 9/11 and the testimony of major Washington players (including Condoleezza Rice) |
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| Reaction to the 9/11 Commission Report |
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Most read government report of all time
Criticized for not telling all sides to the story
Did not get as in-depth as people would have liked |
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