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| All countries going into the new world built up large navy’s to protect their trade routes. |
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| Maryland founded as a way for English Catholics to come to the new world they lived in the saint Maries |
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| Dutch and Muslim where the first slave traders but when the Portuguese, Spanish and English came in, it became big business |
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| Cash crops – tobacco, rice, and indigo / cotton became a cash crop much later because it was to labor intensive before the invention of the cotton jin/ |
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| Stoch irish moved to the appalachian mountains |
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Colonial slavey- had about 400,000 african Americans in the south at the time of the revolution
The middle passage slave factories & fortresses was a huge business
Slave fortress used to protect slaves from other countries
Slave ships took 2-4 month made 54,000 trips and 10-20% died in transit |
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| Consumer Culture- gave people individuality, and created a high and low class by what you buy. Brought colonies together |
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| daughters of liberty a boycott of all british made goods |
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Townshend Duties repealed after the massacre except for tea / the massachuestes assembly was allowed to reconvine
-except tax on tea |
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| The Committees of Correspondence Met in philly in 1774 it came to be known as the first continental congress/ September 5 to October 1774 |
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| - Patrick Henry - a radical said fuck England go america |
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People had to pay taxes and the taxes went to the church/
Great awakening |
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| it was a merchant trade based (fishing, livestock, and lumber), the south was about cash crops and plantations very agrarian. |
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| The French and Indian war- |
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| started in America and then war went back to Europe. |
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| the theory that yes there is a god but he withdrew and you can look to nature instead of the bible to figure it out by learning the laws of nature, and that is how you become closer to god by finding out the laws he has sent in motion/ |
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| wrote the rights of the British colonies asserted and proved in 1764”taxation without representation is tyranny” was a very inspirational figure who tended to instigate stuff. And got his ass kicked by some british soldier. Is forgotten because he lost his mind and was struck by lightning and killed. He handed out pamphlets and they circulated threw the population |
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– france lost and the native Americans where not included in the treaty
The French and Indian war brought the colonists together- because the British groups did not respect them and where looked down upon by them.
The war went global it was lead by William Pitt. He wanted to take Canada for Brittan by taking the st. Laurence river. The British eventually took over Canada the big battle was called the plains of Abraham. The rest of the war was also fought in india, Africa, and the west indies. In order to gain more territory and exploit there naval superiority. |
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–colonists and Iroquois( the 6 nations) /Ben Franklin and Thomas Hutchinson where there to gain a unified front with the Americans and Indians
Albany plan of union |
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- A schooner that was trying to stop smuggling was burned in 1772 and looted/ The British saw this as a bad thing they where attacking there ships/
- They wanted to catch those responsible and put them on trail in England/ the first time that had ever happened |
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- A schooner that was trying to stop smuggling was burned in 1772 and looted/ The British saw this as a bad thing they where attacking there ships/
- They wanted to catch those responsible and put them on trail in England/ the first time that had ever happened |
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| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
- Declaration and resolves – outlined objections to the intolerable acts
- Continental association/ a general boycott of British goods / Each month the colonies would change what item they would boycott
- Petition to the king- Expressed continued loyalty to the king/ But pleaded for him to see there side
- met again in may 1775 |
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- Not a coercive act
- Kept French system in quebec
- Gave Quebec sovereignty over the Ohio valley
It was seen as taking away from Americans western expansion |
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- Prime minister (1770-1782)
- Wanted to increase British revenue
- Stated instead of tea going to auction and being sold by locals/ It would be sold and regulated by the locals. It lowered prices but cut jobs of merchants and smuggling |
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| - Response to the tea act/ Dressed up like Mohawk indians |
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- called intolerable act / series of four laws
- Boston port act- closed harbor until the lost tea was paid for
- Mass. Gov act- Reinforced parliaments superiority to local government
- Impartial Administration of justice act- Royal officials in America would be tried in England / They could do what every they wanted
- The Quartering act- The military could lodge soldiers in private homes |
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| Committees of correspondence |
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| - formed in mass. And va. By pat hennery,lee, Jefferson/ They communicated with one another and told other committees what the british where doing |
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- the citizens in massachustes where not letting people open courts, or collect taxes/ There was tension on both sides they knew blood shed was eminent
- At Lexington 700 armed British where met by 70 minute men/ and they killed 8 Americans/ on the way back to Boston 273 British where killed by guerilla war fare.
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| - was the frontier area and they tried to get along with the native Americans/ Native Americans played a important part in the American revolution |
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- French and Indian war became a global war lead by pitt to make this a showdown for the colonies
The French and Indian war brought the colonists together- because the British groups did not respect them and where looked down upon by them.
The war went global it was lead by William Pitt. He wanted to take Canada for Brittan by taking the st. Laurence river. The British eventually took over Canada the big battle was called the plains of Abraham. The rest of the war was also fought in india, Africa, and the west indies. In order to gain more territory and exploit there naval superiority. |
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- goods leaving America must leave on british ships
1660- certain products made in America could only be shipped to England and other English colonies/ this included tobacco
1663- all goods destined to America must pass through England first so it can be properly taxed |
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-British war debt
growing empire= growing British debt
growing debt= resentment to the colonies
William pitt was out and grenville came in- He wanted to balance the british budget, he thought the colonies where the answer. |
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Revenue act of 1764 or the sugar act
-Revenue act of 1764 or the sugar act |
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| -lowered tax on molasses, and paper |
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-privy council
-board of trade
Royal governor
Legislature
Upper house appointed
Lower house elected
The power was still in England and not the colonies themselves |
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| - Joseph Galloway Conservative |
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| / wanted to form a parliament under the king and not parliament/ Plan of union was very narrowly defeated |
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3000 trops to boston fall 1768
March 5 1770 troops fired on crowd |
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| A shipment of 90 single woman came over in 1619 to Virginia. |
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| A war between English and Indians |
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| Began in 1619/ was very static at the time until 1800s when they where getting slaves from the carribeanwas different because it took on a racial demension/ and became a permanent condition / slaves in old world could go to battle, and become a citizen by marrying or becoming assilimatedfirst/From 1619- 1700 it went from 20 to 6000 slaves in virgina |
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| England had to send troupes in to defend them against the Indians and then French. The French where controlling the interior of the united states, they where viewed as a major threat/ |
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| England was spain main rival in both Europe and the new world. /Spain was the dominant force in the new world up until 1600 |
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Good side
Encouraged ship building industry
British investment in infrastructure |
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| Grew a higher grade tobacco that he smuggled from the Caribbean/ economically saved Jamestown/ and made money for the Virginia company/ England loved it/ the tobacco was very labor intensive and the settlers in Jamestown did not like to work/ grew mainly by indentured servants / They worked for 5-7 years as an apprentice / 70% of English before 1700 came over as indentured servants and worked on a trade as a way to repay there voyage over to the new world/ after the contract you where free to do what you wanted most remained farmers/ |
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| In 1619 house of burgesses was established and ran va |
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Kept colonies cash poor
Hurt exporters
Led to smuggling to make extra money by selling it to the French |
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Lords proprieters
- Charles the second
- Group of high born individual given the land/ more like the Caribbean slavery than Virginia
- Slavery started right of the back
- Most of the slaves came from the Caribbean in barbados
- Raised Rice, |
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| New york started as new Netherlands/ founded by the dutch who wanted to expand there own empire/ hennery Hudson was a Dutch explorer / he worked for the dutch west indie company / founded albany and called it fort Nassau as a fur trade hot spot/ new Amsterdam was the biggest Dutch trade hub, and most important city in America/ The dutch had no local government in the new world they where taking orders from back home/ mostly men, who where involved in trade/ very diverse group of people came to America from the dutch heritage/ 1864 it new Amsterdam changed hands and became known as new york/ |
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Population went from 250,00 to 5,000,000 from 1700-1800
People expanded out from the coast to the mountains
By the 1700’s the prevailing figure was the Yankee trader
The rise of the merchant class came with all the trade that was going on in America
The Germans came in large numbers mainly Lutheran groups
Meridians would buy slaves and than convert them, after they did this they would free them |
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| Spanish settlement founded by juan de onate/ he played in to British propaganda and was similar to a conquistador was very brutal to the native |
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| Push pull factors for coming to new world |
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Stratified society- no room for advancement in England
Primogeniture- passing of all the families’ wealth to oldest son/ younger sons came to America get there own money
Protestant reformation- freedom
Indentured servants- way to leave stratified society
Head right system- if you’re there you got some land/ in enlgand the few controlled the land the rich and the church had it all/ you got 50 acres and if you got some servants the number went up/ |
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Sugar cane raised and converted into rum very profitable crop/ the natives in the Caribbean died vary early on by disease , so to replace those folks blacks where brought in/ most slaves from western africa/Different religion and the different skin color it was morally acceptable to put them in to slavery
Only 5% of slaves came to America
80% of Caribbean population where African slaves
slavery blew up in the 1600’s |
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| Why Roanoke island Failed |
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Definition
| War was going on between Spanish and England/ Phillip the second tried to destroy England with the Spanish armada a large fleet of ships that was destroyed by a hurricane/ and when the navy first got back to Roanoke there was no one there/ no one knows why this happened but there are many theories/ |
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| Wealth based on gold and silver/ Mid 1600’s sell sufficiency – wanted a favorable balance of trade, making and producing more than you are consuming/ was a planned economy/ |
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| a explorer came with the first Jamestown settlers and mapped the Chesapeake bay /arrived in hand cuffs to new world for insubordination/ was responsible for trying to make peace with native Americans when they first came to the land/ |
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| a movement based in Europe a philosophical movement placed the value on the individual and was adapted by the Americans/ Life was more important than just the afterlife and you should become the best you can be and find out shit for youre self and don’t just depend on god/ What a person became was you’re surrounding and you’re education/ this was the political spirt of America |
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Revivalism -
George Whitfield
jonathan Edwards |
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| a puritan who was very fiery/ saying youre going to hell and shit like that constantly telling you have to get right with the lord! Wore out his welcome when he started pointing fingers at the wrong people |
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| a result of Pontiacs rebellion / said no settlements west of the Appalachians.the proclamation line/ had to have a license to trade with Indians/ |
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| brother of powaton became chief after his death/ hated the settlers and in 1622 he had a coordinated attack to eradicate them called the massacre of 1622, over 300 colonist where killed over a ¼ the population/ the English responded by pouring more troupes and money to solidity there foot in Virginia / marked the end of the Virginia company and England took over and va was now a royal colony of the English/ |
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| came to Pennsylvania/ seen as beneficial they where protestant and hard working people , so they where recruited/ Mennonites and Quakers founded philly / Germantown / most who came where very religious and anti slavery/1688 Germantown Quaker petition against slavery- first to petition slavery/ |
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| came to pa and started to negoite the purchasing of land from native Americans/ with the purpose of have a non violent colony being formed/ Penn lead the Quakers / he preached toleration/ |
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| daughter of powhatan / did not get with john smith/ but saved his life from her fathers hands by throwing herself over his body/ married a settler which resulted in peace between the powhatans and the Virginians / |
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| dealt with john smith/ was the head of multiple tribes/ saw settlers as another tribe that he could control/ traded with settler’s corn for goods/ Caused Indians to develop surplus corn, and overhunt for the fist time in there culture/ his daughter was Pocahontas |
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| established in 1587 was a outpost colony off the Carolina coast and settled by Sir Walter Raleigh |
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| established in 1587 was a outpost colony off the Carolina coast and settled by Sir Walter Raleigh |
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| french army/established fort Caroline in now Jacksonville Florida/ the Spanish whipped it out |
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| oldest city in America/ settled by Pedro Menendez in 1565/ was a military outpost/ |
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| one of first act to protect a persons religion/ |
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| repealed the stamp act/ stated that parliament is supreme over the colonies. And the colonies are virtually represented |
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revenue act of 1767
-tax on tea , glass , lead, paint, paper
john Dickinson |
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revenue act of 1767
-tax on tea , glass , lead, paint, paper
john Dickinson |
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| seemed like the natural thing to do/ did not last very long because of death from European diseases/ source of labor was not readily available/ they also escaped easily from there captors/ a lot of them where sent to the Caribbean islands and where sold off / did not reely work |
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| very successful but had hard times on the outset/ was a death trap breeding ground for malaria and a nasty swamp and this is why the Indians let them settle there./ Built as a fort/ a working colony almost all men / main goal was to extract wealth/ in 1608 there where only two woman in the town/ winter killed off a lot of people two/ starvation was bad and so where the Indians/ |
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| -Rockingham new prime minister |
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Definition
wanted to end this unrest
He asked Ben Franklin to address parliament. Did the declatory act |
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| was up in Maine and was a second English colony/ they where run out by the Indians /project of the Plymouth Company |
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| wealth is something that is finite, and cannot be self created/ the only way to get wealth was to create overseas markets or to take it/ the colonies provided natural recourses, wealth, and power to the country/ the members of the colonies eventually become customers to the mother land and create trade with each other by trading recourses/ |
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| where fortified churches that was a way for the Spanish to spread religion and territory |
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| All countries going into the new world built up large navy’s to protect their trade routes. |
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| puritan church was not pure enough for him, moved to american with his family / preached tolerance to indians did not seek to convert them but to embrace them for who they are/ prime minister of salem church |
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Protestant separatists
led by William bradford |
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| a contract the pilgrims made because they landed to far north of there land and had to legitimize their land |
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rescued the pilgrims at plymouth
samoset led the public relations between the indians and pilgrims |
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| massachusetts bay company |
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Definition
a charter provided granted a joint stock company for puritan merchants and country gentleman
allowed them to establish the company in the colony and england |
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Head of Massachusetts bay company
desired to reform the corrupt church- puritan
we should be like the city on the hill and have all people look at us/ Refering to living in gods teachings |
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Head of Massachusetts bay company
desired to reform the corrupt church- puritan
we should be like the city on the hill and have all people look at us/ Refering to living in gods teachings |
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The protistism the puritans embraced
Made by jon calvin who claimed we conform to god commandments |
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| That god knew who all was going to heaven |
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| Covenant of grace - people could be saved by gods grace |
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| belief in the covenants of works |
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| members of the society of friends |
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sam adams, john hancock, makintosh , bradford,
acted to repeal the stamp act |
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a tax on all paper used in official documents
used to generate money not regulate anything |
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