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2010 Review OTC Sociology Final
Test Review
90
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
12/01/2010

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Cards

Term
a study of the impact to terrorism on the travel plans of busines people would be what type of analysis
Definition
macro sociological analysis
Term
what is the correct sequence of steps in the research process
Definition
select a topic, review the literature, collect the data, share the results
Term
Mrs. Sparks wants to do research on the Amish. She lives with the Amish for six months and then writes a paper describint their behavior. What type of research method is she using.
Definition
qualitative methods
Term
Research methods that use measurements, numbers, and statistics are what type of analysis?
Definition
quanititave methods
Term
If you view society as a system of interrelated parts you would be considered what type of theorist?
Definition
functionalist
Term
If you view society as a group of people competing for scarce resources you would be what type of a theorist?
Definition
conflict
Term
conflict theorists would say that the changes in the divorce rate are related to
Definition
the male-female power relationship
Term
Which theorists focus on the large scale patterns in society - macro level
Definition
functionalists and coflict
Term
symbolic interactionists are interested in
Definition
how people define themselves and others
Term
a person in another society who has trouble understanding and reacting to that cultures practices is experiencing
Definition
culture shock
Term
Making a sincere effort to understand the practice of having multiple wives in some cultures is an example of
Definition
cultural reltivism
Term
If you live in a society that believes in the acceptance of rules, efficency and practical results that society would be
Definition
industralized
Term
If you are from a society that believes in customs and close personal relationships that society would be
Definition
agricultural
Term
basic needs like replacement of members, preserving order, and socializing new members are called
Definition
functional requisites
Term
expectations that guide our behavior are called
Definition
norms
Term
what do sociologists say is the most important in determining motivations for our thinking and behavior
Definition
your society and social location
Term
Durkheim says the degree to which members of a society are joined by shared values and social bonds is
Definition
social integration
Term
Americans glorify academic progress and material success but most peope do not graduate with honors or have a lot of wealth this is the difference between
Definition
ideal culture and real culture
Term
the annihilation of a group of people is called
Definition
genocide
Term
if one status is given higer prestige than another this awarding of privilege and prestige to one group over another is called
Definition
social inequality
Term
a $200 speeding ticket may be a huge expense to one person and no big deal to another - this is because of their place in the
Definition
social structure
Term
people who are singled out for unequal treatment and see themselves as victims of discrimination they are called a
Definition
minority group
Term
the economic system based on investing to make profits which has become the world dominant economic system is
Definition
the globalization of capitalism
Term
cultures have become more similar to each other because of travel and communication - the term for this is
Definition
cultural leveling
Term
the control of the least industralization nations through debts is called
Definition
neocolonialism
Term
which group suffers when new trade opens around the world
Definition
the workers
Term
who was the first person to use the scientific method in sociology
Definition
Auguste Comte
Term
what did Karl Marx xay is the force that drives human history
Definition
class conflict
Term
the idea that only the "fittest' members of society deserve to survive is called
Definition
social darwinism
Term
verstehen means
Definition
to grasp by sight
Term
Who founded Hull House and was the first woman and only sociologist to win a nobel prize
Definition
Jane Addams
Term
language, beliefs, values, norms material objects and technology that is passed from one generation to another is a
Definition
culture
Term
The expectations for behavior that come from values are
Definition
norms
Term
what is the term for the idea that language determines our consciousness
Definition
spair whorf hypothesis
Term
a group who has their own norms and values but also follows the values and norms of the dominant culture
Definition
sub culture
Term
the spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another is called
Definition
cultural diffusion
Term
nature vs. nurture - nature is__________and nuture is_________
Definition
biology - environment
Term
looking glass self is associated with
Definition
cooley
Term
our image of who we are is called
Definition
self
Term
when a young man or woman enters college they must learn new norms, values, attitudes, and beliefs, this is called
Definition
resocialization
Term
The typical patterns of groups - relationships between people is called
Definition
social structure
Term
a position in society that a person holds which cuts across all other statuses is called
Definition
master status
Term
expectations that guide our behavior are called
Definition
norms
Term
expectations that define appropriate behavior for a status are called
Definition
roles
Term
if people interact regularly, share similiar norms, values and expectations they are called a
Definition
group
Term
if you believe all blondes are dumb, all African Americans are good at sports these are examples of
Definition
stereotypes
Term
people who share a culture and a territory are called a
Definition
society
Term
this is a group of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time
Definition
aggregate
Term
this is a group who share a social characteristic
Definition
category
Term
this is a group with intimate, longterm, face to face association is called a
Definition
primary group
Term
what group is the most unstable
Definition
dyad
Term
the attempt to humanize the workplace is viewed by some as a way to manipulate workers and exploit them. This belief is the ____________perspective
Definition
conflict
Term
bestowing honor and praise is an example of
Definition
positive sanctions
Term
differential association theory says that is a childs backgroud is filled with criminal types the child will become a
Definition
criminal
Term
This theory says that two people can engage in the same activity but because of one's reputation only one may be called deviant - this is _____________theory
Definition
Labeling
Term
this is a sense of normlessness
Definition
anomie
Term
if a person engages in criminal activity at their job - this is called
Definition
white collar crime
Term
who does C.Wright Mills say are the people who make the big decisions in society
Definition
power elites
Term
what two things make up wealth
Definition
income and property
Term
When a person has a high status job but low pay or low status job with high pay this is called
Definition
status inconsistancy
Term
gender refers to
Definition
social characteristics assigned to men and women
Term
sex refers to
Definition
biology
Term
what group of men do women fear the most
Definition
strangers
Term
race is
Definition
inherited physical characteristics
Term
prejudice is
Definition
a belief
Term
discrimination is
Definition
a behavior
Term
what is the main criticism of capitalism
Definition
social inequality
Term
Moving a group of people aganist their will is called
Definition
direct transfer
Term
prejudice and discrimination aganist someone because of their age is called
Definition
ageism
Term
armed resistance to overthrow a goverment is called a
Definition
revolution
Term
In the U.S., what political party is the working class associated with
Definition
democrats
Term
what is the makeup of a nuclear family
Definition
husband, wife, children
Term
When people are encouraged to marry those who have the same social characteristics - age, race, social status - this is called
Definition
endogamy
Term
what is one of the main functions of schools
Definition
social integration
Term
how are public schools funded
Definition
property taxes
Term
what did Durkheim call the everyday common elements of life
Definition
profane
Term
What is the world's largest religion
Definition
Christianity
Term
what is society's standard way of dealing with illness and injury
Definition
medicine
Term
what is demography
Definition
the study of the size, composition, growth, and distribution of human populations
Term
a large group of people who organize to resist or promote social change is called a
Definition
social movement
Term
the burning of fossil fuels and the problems this causes is called
Definition
the green house effect
Term
This research method involves answering a series of questions
Definition
survey
Term
When an individual lives with and engages in the same activities as the group he/she is studying, This is called_____
Definition
participant observation
Term
If a researcher is unsure of how data is gathered, its accuracy or the qualifications of the original researcher - these problems are associated with
Definition
secondary analysis
Term
Which theorists focus on the macro-level of analysis?
Definition
Functionalists and Conflict
Term
The way society meets its basic needs is through
Definition
Social Instutions
Term
Making laws that agree with religious teachings shows that religion is a means of
Definition
social control
Term
The spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another is
Definition
cultural diffusion
Term
When the standard of living declines, society experiences
Definition
political instability
Term
When the standard of living declines, society experiences
Definition
political instability
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