Shared Flashcard Set

Details

2009-2010 New Drugs
New US Drug Approvals in 2009 and 2010
58
Pharmacology
Graduate
11/07/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Savella

(milnacipran)

Definition

Fibromyalgia

 

MOA: inhibitor of serotonin/Norepinephrine uptake. Exact MOA of central pain inhibition is unknown

Term

RiaSTAP

(fibrinogen concentrate)

Definition

Congenital fibrinogen deficiency

 

MOA: Physiological substrate of 3 enzymes: thrombin, factor XIIIa, and plasmin. End result = cross-linked fibrin --> clot is more resistant to fibrinolysis.

Term

Agriflu

(influenza virus vaccine)

Definition

Immunization against subtypes A and B influenza virus

 

Term

ATryn

(anthrombin alfa, recombinant)

Definition

Hereditary antithrombin deficiency

 

MOA: Recombinant antithrombin. Complexes with thrombin and Factor Xa (neutralizing their activity in the process of coagulation)

Term

Uloric

(febuxostat)

Definition

Gout

 

MOA: xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Term

Afinitor

(everlimus)

Definition

Renal cell carcinoma

 

MOA: Protein kinase inhibitor

Term

Ixiaro

(Japanese encephalitis vaccine, inactivated)

Definition
immunization against Japanese encephalitis virus
Term

Coartem

(artemether/lumefantrine)

Definition

Acute, uncomplicated malaria

 

MOA: Inhibit nucleic acid and protein synthesis of malaria

Term

Ulesfia

(benzoyl alcohol lotion)

Definition
Head lice
Term

Simponi

(golimumab)

Definition

RA, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis

 

MOA: Human monoclonal antibody that binds to soluble and transmembrane bioactive forms of TNFa

Term

Dysport

(abobutulinumtoxinA)

Definition

Cervical dystonia, wrinkles

 

MOA: inhibits ACh release from peripheral cholinergic nerve endings resulting in localized reduction of muscle activity

Term

Fanapt

(iloperidone)

Definition

Schizophrenia

 

MOA: unknown, proposed to be a D2 and 5HT2 receptor antagonist

Term

Samsca

(tolvaptan)

Definition

Hypervolemic and euvolemic hyponatremia

 

MOA: V2 receptor antagonist which causes an increase in urine water excretion

Term

Besivance

(besifloxacin topical conjuctivitis)

Definition

Bacterial conjuctivitis

 

MOA: inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV

Term

Ilaris

(canakinumab)

Definition

Cyropurin-associated periodic syndroms (CAPS)

 

MOA: Human Il-1b monoclonal antibody of the IgG1/kappy isotype. Blocks inflammation.

Term

Multaq

(dronedarone)

Definition

A. fib, atrial flutter

 

MOA: Exact MOA is unkown. Antiarrhythmic effects similar to all 4 classes. Inhibits Ca++, Na+, and K+ channels, and is an alpha/beta recptor antagonist

Term

Effient

(prasugrel)

Definition

Reduction of thrombotic CV events

 

MOA: Inhuibits platelet activation/aggregation via irreversible inhibition of P2Y12 adenospine diphosphate receptor (ADP).

Term

Onglyza

(saxagliptin)

Definition

T2DM

 

MOA: DPP4 enzyme inhibitor

Term

Livalo

(pitavastatin)

Definition

Hyperlipidemia

 

MOA: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Term

Saphris

(asenapine)

Definition

Schizophrenia, Bipolar I Disorder

 

MOA: Unknown; may be mediated through antagonist activity at D2 and 5HT2A receptors

Term

Hiberix

(Haemophilis b conjugate vaccine)

Definition
Immunization against H flu type B
Term

Sabril

(vigabatrin)

Definition

Infantile spasms, partial complex seizures

 

MOA: Unknown; primarily result of action as irreversible inhibitor of GABA-T

Term

Bepreve

(bepotastine opthalmic solution)

Definition

Alergic conjuctivitis

 

MOA: H1 receptor antagonist; inhibit release of histamine from mast cells

Term

Vibativ

(telavancin)

Definition

Complicated skin/skin structure infections due to susceptible Gm + bacteria

 

MOA: lipoglycopeptide antibiotics which inhibits cell wall synthesis

Term

Gammaplex

(immune globulin, human)

Definition

Primary humoral immunodeficiency

 

MOA: unknown; helps in inflammatory/autoimmune processes

Term

Folotyn

(pralatrexate)

Definition

Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma

 

MOA: Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

Term

Stelara

(ustekinumab)

Definition

Plaque psoriasis

 

MOA: Human IgG1-kappa monoclonal antibody that binds to IL-12 and IL-13 cytokines which are involved in inlammatory/immune response

Term
Berinert
(C1 esterase inhibtor, human)
Definition

Acute attacks of herditary angioedema

 

MOA: C1 inhibitor. Also regulates the fibrinolytic pathway.

Term

Cervarix

(HPV bivalent [type 16 and 18] vaccine, recombinant)

Definition
Prevention of cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and adenocarcinoma in situ)
Term

Votrient

(paxzopanib)

Definition

Advanced renal cell carcinoma

 

MOA: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibits EGFs as well

Term

Arzerra

(ofatumumab)

Definition

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

 

MOA: IgG1-kappa monclonal antibody that binds to CD20 molecule on normal B lymphocytes and on B-bell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, resulting in B-cell lysis

Term

Istodax

(romidepsin)

Definition

Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

 

MOA: Inhbitis histone deacetylase (HDAC), resuling in accumulation of acetylated histones. Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of some cancer cells.

Term

Kalbitor

(ecellantide)

Definition

Acute attacks of heriditary angioedema

 

MOA: Human plasma kallikrein inhibitor, which inhibits formation of bradykinin.

Term

Wilate

(von Willebrand factor/coagulation factor VIII)

Definition

von Willebrand disease

 

MOA: Lyophillized concentrate of Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor. Facilitates activation of Factor X and causes formation fo thrombin and fibrin promoting platelet aggregation and adhesion to damaged vascular endothelium)

Term

Rapaflo

(silodosin)

Definition

BPH

 

MOA: Selective antagonist of alpha 1 adenoreceptors

Term

Lastacaft

(alcaftadine)

Definition

Allergic conjuctivitis

 

MOA: H1 histamine receptor antagonist

Term

Glassia

(Alpha-1 protease inhibitor)

Definition

Chronic augmentation and maintenance therapy in adults with emphysema due to congential deficiency of alpha-1 protease inhibitor

 

MOA: augments the level of deficient protein and theorteically corrects the imbalance between neutrophil elastase and protease inhibitors, which may protect the lower respiratory tract

Term

Lumizyme

(alglucosiadase alpha)

Definition

(+ prednisone), treatment of late-onset Pompe disease in 8+ patients who do not have evidence of cardiac hypertrophy

 

MOA: Source of GAA. Binds to lysozymes and is internalized, resulting in increased enzymatic activity in cleaving glycogen

Term

Jevtana

(cabazitaxel)

Definition

(+ prednisone), tx of androgen-independent prostate cancer in men who have already received docetaxel

 

MOA: Stabilized microtubules to inhibit mitotic and interphase cellular functions

Term

Carbaglu

(carglumic acid)

Definition

Acute hyperammoniemia caused by N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency/maintenance of chronic hyperammonemia due to NAGS deficiency

 

MOA: analoge of NAG, which activates CAS1 (first enzyme of the urea cycle which converts ammonia into urea)

Term

Teflaro

(ceftaroline fosamil)

Definition
Tx of acute skin/skin structure infections and certain types of CAP

MOA: bnds to penicillin-binding proteins (cell wall inhibitor), 5th generation cephalosporin
Term

Xiaflex

(collagenase clostridium histolyticum)

Definition

Dupuytren's contracture in adults

 

MOA: a proteinase, hydrolzyes collagen resulting in lysis of collagen deposits

Term

Pradaxa

(dabigatran etexilate)

Definition
Reduce risk of stroke and systemic embolism in A. gib pateints (not due to a prosthetic valve)

MOA: direct thrombin inhibitor
Term

Ampyra

(dalfampridine)

Definition

Improve walking in patients with MS

MOA: Broad spectrum K+ channel blocker, unknown how it exerts therapeutic effect

Term

Prolia

(denosumab)

Definition

Postmenopausal women who have osteoporosis and a high risk for fracture

 

MOA: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibitor.

Term

Xgeva

(denosumab)

Definition

Prevention of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metasteses from solid tumors

 

MOA: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)

Term

Halaven

(eribulin)

Definition

tx of metastatic breast cancer in pts who have undergone at least 2 tx cycles with an anthracycline and a taxane

 

MOA: a non-taxane microtubule inhibitor

Term

Natazia

(estradiol valerate/estradiol velerate-dienogest)

Definition

Prevention of pregnancy

 

MOA: suppresses ovulation

Term

TachoSil

(fibrin patch)

Definition

Prevention of mild/moderate bleeding from small blood vessels during CV surgery)

 

MOA: Thrombin and fibrinogen are on the patch. When in contact with physiologic fluids, the fibrinogen forms a fibrin clot and adheres the patch to the wound surface

Term

Gilenya

(fingolimod)

Definition

tx of patients with relapsing MS

 

MOA: MOA unknown; may work by reducing the lymphocyte migration to the CNS

Term

Cysview

(hexaminolevulinmate HCl)

Definition

Cytoscopic detection of non-muscle-invasive papillary bladder cancer in patients suspected/known to have the disease

 

MOA: Forms complexes in neoplastic cells. WHen excited with blue light, the complexes aid in detection of neoplastic lesions

Term

Hizentra

(immune globulin, human)

Definition

treatment of primary humoral immunodeficiency

 

MOA: Many machinism in inflammatory/autoimmune disease

Term

Xeomin

(incobotulinumtoxinA)

Definition

Treatmenmt of cervical dystonia or belpharospasm in adults

 

MOA: Blocks NM conduction by binding to receptor sites on motor nerve terminals, entering the nerve terminals, and inhibiting relase of ACh

Term

Victoza

(liraglutide)

Definition

adjunct to diet/exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with T2DM

 

MOA: GLP-1 receptor agonsit that acts to increase insulin release in the presence of elevated glucose concentrations, decrease in glucagon secreion in a glucose-dependent manner, and delay gastric emptying

Term

Latuda

(lurasidone HCl)

Definition

Schizophrenia

 

MOA: Acts as an antagonist at D2 and 5HT2A receptors

Term

Menveo

(meningococcal - groups A, C, Y, and W-135)

Definition
Prevention of invasive meningococcal disease caused by N meningitidis
Term

Pancreaze

(Pancrelipase delayed release)

Definition

Tx of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency due to cystic fibrosis or other conditions)

 

MOA: proteolytic, amylolytic, and lipolytic enzymes in pancrealipase enhance the digestion of proteins, startches, and fats in the duodenum and proximal small intestines

Term

Krystexxa

(pegloticase)

Definition

Tx of chronic gout in adults who do not respond/cannot tolerate standard therapy in the disorder

 

MOA: PEGylated uric acid specific enzyme that lowers serum uric acid levels by catalyzing the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin (inert/water soluble purine metabolite that is readily eliminated by renal excretion)

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