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| a self-satisfied person concerned chiefly with business and middle-class ideals like material success; a member of the American working class whose unthinking attachment to its business and social ideals is such to make him a model of narrow-mindedness and self-satisfaction; after George F. ___________, the main character in the American novel __________ by Sinclair Lewis |
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| gigantic, enormous, on a large scale, enlarged; after ______________, the land of giants visited by Gulliver in the English novel Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift |
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| to speak or behave clumsily or faltering, to make a humming or droning sound; Middle English bomblem; a clumsy religious figure (a beadle) in a work of literature |
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| one who gains affluence or recognition after obscurity and neglect, a person or thing whose beauty or worth remains unrecognized; after the fairy-tale heroine |
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| a libertine, profligate, a man obsessed with seducing women; after ____________, the legendary 14th century Spanish nobleman and libertine |
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| someone overly idealistic to the point of having impossible dreams; from the crazed and impoverished Spanish novel who sets out to revive the glory of knighthood, romanticized in the musical The Man of La Mancha based on the story by Miguel Cervantes |
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| blindly or misleadingly optimistic; after Dr. _________ in Candide by French writer Voltaire |
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| full of wit and bawdy humor; after _________, a fat, sensual, boastful, and mendacious knight who was the companion of Henry, Prince of Wales; in Shakespeare’s I Henry IV and The Merry Wives of Winsor |
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| anything that threatens or destroys its creator; from the young scientist in British author Mary Shelley’s novel of this name, who creates a monster that eventually destroys him |
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| a faithful and willing attendant, ready to turn his hand to anything; from the young savage found by Robinson Crusoe on a ________ and kept as his servant and companion on the desert island; from Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe |
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| In its simplest form, this character is the one ultimately who may fulfill a necessary task and who will restore fertility, harmony, and/or justice. The ________ character is the one who typically experiences an initiation, who goes the community's ritual(s), et cetera. Often he or she will embody characteristics of YOUNG PERSON FROM THE PROVINCES, INITIATE, INNATE WISDOM, PUPIL, and SON. |
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| Young Person from the Provinces |
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| This hero is taken away as an infant or youth and raised by strangers. He or she later returns home as a stranger and is able to recognize new problems and new solutions. |
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| These are young heroes who, prior to the quest, must endure some training and ritual. They are usually innocent at this stage. |
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| These individuals serve as teachers or counselors to the initiates. Sometimes they work as role models and often serve as a father or mother figure. |
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| These loyal companions are willing to face any number of perils in order to be together. |
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| These individuals are like the noble sidekicks to the hero. Their duty is to protect the hero. Often the retainer reflects the hero's nobility. |
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| These animals assist the hero and reflect that nature is on the hero's side. |
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| This character represents evil incarnate. He or she may offer worldly goods, fame, or knowledge to the protagonist in exchange for possession of the soul or integrity. This figure's main aim is to oppose the hero in his or her quest. |
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| The Evil Figure with the Ultimately Good Heart |
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| This redeemable devil figure (or servant to the devil figure) is saved by the hero's nobility or good heart. |
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| An animal or more usually a human whose death, often in a public ceremony, excuses some taint or sin that has been visited upon the community. This death often makes theme more powerful force to the hero. |
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| A word that is used to stand for something else that has the attributes of or is associated with. For example, a herd of 50 cows could be called 50 head of cattle. |
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| The protagonist's archenemy or supreme and persistent difficulty. |
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| Objectivity and Subjectivity |
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| An _______________ treatment of subject matter is an impersonal or outside view of events. A ______________ treatment uses the interior or personal view of a single observer and is typically colored with that observer's emotional responses. |
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| Words that sound like what they mean. Examples: Boom, splat, babble, gargle |
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| One of the most useful concepts in analyzing literature. It means that you have a pair of elements that contrast sharply. It is not necessarily "conflict" but rather a pairing of images (or settings or appeals, etc.), whereby each becomes more striking and informative because it's placed in contrast to the other one. This kind of _________________ creates mystery and tension. Oppositions can be obvious. Oppositions can also lead to irony, but not necessarily so. |
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| A phrase composed of opposites; a contradiction. Bright black. A calm frenzy. Jumbo shrimp. Dark light. A truthful lie. |
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| Like a fable or an allegory, a parable is a story that instructs. |
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| A situation or statement that seems to contradict itself, but on closer inspection, does not. |
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| Repeated syntactical similarities used for effect. |
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| To restate phrases and sentences in your own words, to rephrase. ____________ is not analysis or interpretation, so don't fall into the thinking that traps so many students [for you shall die]. _________________ is just a way of showing that you comprehend what you've just read--that you can now put it in your own words, no more, no less. |
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| A phrase set off by commas that interrupts the flow of a sentence with some commentary or added detail. Ex: Jack's three dogs, including that miserable little spaniel, were with him that day. |
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| The work that results when a specific work is exaggerated to ridiculousness. |
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| A poem set in tranquil nature or even more specifically, one about shepherds. |
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| The narrator in a non-first-person novel. In a third person novel, even though the author isn't a character, you get some idea of the author's personality. However, it isn't really the author's personality because the author is manipulating your impressions there as in other parts of the book. This shadow author is called the author's ________________. |
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| Giving an inanimate object human qualities or form. Ex: The darkness of the forest became the figure of a beautiful, pale-skinned woman in night-black clothes. |
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| An utterance of grief or sorrow; a lamentation |
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