Term
benigne prostatic hyperplasia
prostate cancer risk? |
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Definition
Benign enlargement of the prostate gland.
Most common urologic problem in adult males.
not increase risk of prostate cancer |
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Term
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Definition
Obstructive : difficulty initiating voiding, decrease in the force of the urinary stream, intermittent starting and stopping the flow of urine and dribbling at the end of urination. Irritative: urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, bladder pain, nocturia, and incontinence associated with inflammation or infection.
Complications: Urinary obstruction, increased incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI) and damage to the kidney resulting in renal failure. |
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Term
| bph 3 goals of collabritive care |
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Definition
Restore bladder draining
Relieve the patient’s symptoms
Prevent or treat the complications of BPH
Conservative initial treatment “watchful waiting” for mild symptoms is a “wait and see” approach. |
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Term
| 6 at home changes for BPH tx |
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Definition
Decreasing caffeine and alcohol intake
Decreasing the use of artificial sweeteners
Limiting spicy or acidic foods
Limiting evening fluid intake
Other interventions
Avoiding decongestants and anticholinergics
Set up a timed voiding schedule |
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Term
| diet associated w prostate cancer |
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Definition
| Dietary factors associated with prostate cancer include increased intake of red meat and high fat dairy products with low intake of fruits and vegetables. |
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Term
| abnormal prostate on a DRE |
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Definition
| abnormal prostate may feel hard, nodular and asymmetric. |
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Term
| consertative TX for prostate cancer |
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Definition
| Watchful waiting or active surveillance” is appropriate when there is a life expectancy of less than 10 years or the presence of a low grade low stage tumor. Monitoring involves DRE and PSA. |
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Term
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Definition
| Non-tender fluid filled mass that results from interference with lymphatic drainage from the scrotum and swelling that surrounds the testis |
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Term
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Definition
| Generally no treatment indicated unless the mass becomes large and uncomfortable then treated by aspiration or surgical drainage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dilation of the veins that drain the testes. Usually located on the left side of the scrotum as a consequence of retrograde blood flow from the left renal vein. May be associated with infertility in the male partner as the varicose vein produces heat and may decrease sperm counts |
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Term
| symptoms of testicular cancer |
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Definition
Non-tender and firm scrotal mass
Scrotal swelling
Feeling of scrotal heaviness
Dull ache or heavy sensation in the lower abdomen
Metastasis symptoms may include back pain, cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, dysphagia, alterations in vision or mental status and seizures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical removal of the testis (Orchiectomy). |
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Term
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Definition
Bilateral surgical ligation or resection of the vas deferens.
30 minute surgical procedure under local anesthesia in an outpatient setting. |
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Term
Not effective immediately and requires 10-30 ejaculations for the semen to be completely free of sperm.
Vasectomy does not effect production of hormones, ability to ejaculate, or ability to have an erection or orgasm.
t/f |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Postoperative complications include swelling and potential for hematoma formation (ice packs and scrotal support). |
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Term
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Definition
A symptom complex related to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
May be related to hormonal imbalances and nutritional deficiencies |
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Term
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Definition
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is the term applied to a certain type of PMS which includes a severe mood disorder in addition to PMS symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abdominal cramping pain or discomfort associated with menstrual flow.Beings 12-24 hours before the onset of menses and rarely lasts for more than 2 days. |
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Term
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Definition
| excess of prostaglandins which increase myometrial contractions and cause constriction of small endometrial blood vessels resulting in ischemia and pain |
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Term
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Definition
Oral Contraceptives decrease endometrial hyperplasia.
Avoid constipation, maintain good body mechanics, eliminate stress and fatigue and stay active help decrease symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| long intervals between menses generally greater than 35 days. |
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Term
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Definition
Menorrhagia : excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
Check Hgb and Hct in women with menorrhagia to rule out anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Metorrhagia : irregular bleeding or bleeding between menses. |
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Term
tx for
Oligomenorrhea:
Menorrhagia
Metorrhagia |
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Definition
| Treatment may include oral contraceptives. |
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Term
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Definition
cessation of menses associated with declining ovarian function. Considered complete after one year of amenorrhea. Until this point menstrual flow is increased/decreased/and/or irregular.
Diagnosed by diminished estrogen levels and increased FSH levels. |
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Term
| pid most common cased by and causes |
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Definition
| Most common cause is the result of an untreated sexually transmitted infection ( not all are) and is the primary cause of female infertility as the result of adhesions and scarring of the fallopian tubes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Treated with broad spectrum antibiotics such as cefoxitin (Mefoxin) and doxycycline (Vibramycin) to provide broad coverage. Rest and fluids. Partner must be referred for evaluation and treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of normal endometrial tissue in sites outside the endometrial cavity. More prevalent in Asian American women. The tissue responds to hormones of the ovarian cycle and undergoes a mini-menstrual cycle resulting in adhesions and scarring. May cause considerable pain and fertility issues. Nodules in the ovaries are called “Chocolate cysts” because of the thick chocolate colored fluid they contain. |
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