Shared Flashcard Set

Details

1st test
Jewish exam
128
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 4
09/24/2009

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Monotheism
Definition
belief in one God
Term
According to Jews, what is their ethical thinking on life? (2)
Definition
To live a good life in worship and in life
Term
Which prophet talked about righteousness and justice?
Definition
Amos
Term
What is a talit?
Definition
A Jewish prayer shaw
Term
What is a Kipah?
Definition
Yarmuhkah or skull cap
Term
What colors are prayer shaws?
Definition
blue and white
Term
When does a Jew get their first Talit? From whom?
Definition

Bar/Bat Mitzvah

Grandparents

Term
What is mitzvah?
Definition
commandment
Term
How many mitzvahs are there?
Definition
63
Term
What two things do you study for?
Definition

Bar/Bat Mitzvah

Religious School

Term
Tanak
Definition
Jewish Bible
Term
What is the Tanak made of?
Definition
Old Testament and Hebrew scriptures
Term
Is the synagogue use strictly for worship?
Definition
No
Term
Who was the 1st woman Rabbi
Definition
Sally Preisand
Term
What makes up the Jewish way of life? (7)
Definition

beliefs

ethics

customs

commandments

holy books

institutions

Israel

Term
"Israel"
Definition
The worldwide community of Jews/the peoplehood
Term
What links Jews together the most?
Definition
language (Hebrew)
Term
What is the name for the ancient tribes in Israel
Definition
Israelite
Term
What are the two different kinds of Jews?
Definition
Ashkenazic and Sephardic
Term
Where are Ashkenazic Jews from?
Definition
Central and Eastern Europe
Term
Where are Sephardic Jews from?
Definition
Medditerrainian area (Israel, Italy)
Term
What branch of Jews are most American Jew from?
Definition
Ashkenazic
Term
What are the main differences between the two types of Jews? (3)
Definition

Ceremonies/customs

pronouncations

setup of synagoge

Term
What do the 2 types of Jews do when naming children?
Definition

Ashkenazic: name child after disceased relative

Sephardic: living relatives

Term
What do Jews use instead of BC and AD?
Definition
BCE and CE
Term
What Jewish year are we in?
Definition
5770
Term
What sort of calendar is a Jewish calendar
Definition
Lunar
Term
What is the first month of the Jewish year?
Definition
Tishrei
Term
Who is a Jewish clergyperson who is a teacher, scholar, and pastor?
Definition
Rabbi
Term
Who is the music specialist during a service?
Definition
Cantor
Term
What is a Shammas?
Definition
ritual director who takes care of the santuary and Torah
Term
What do you have to have in order to do a service and how many people is this?
Definition
Minyon, 10 people
Term
How many books are there in the Tanak?
Definition
39
Term
What are the first 5 books of the Tanak called?
Definition
Torah
Term
What is the most important section of the Tanak?
Definition
The Torah
Term
What is the book of prophets?
Definition
Nevi'm
Term
What part of the Tanak are the writings and collections and various books?
Definition
Ketubim
Term
When was the Ketubim finished?
Definition
1st century CE
Term
Where were the meetings to discuss what books should be included in the Ketubim and who led these discussions?
Definition

Yavneh

Akiba

Term
What are the 3 major branches of Judaism?
Definition

Orthodox

Reform

Conservative

Term
Which branch is the most traditional?  Most liberal?
Definition

Orthodox

Reform

Term
In America, which two branches are the biggets?
Definition
Reform and Conservative, each with 40%
Term
Where do most American Jews live and what is the fraction?
Definition
NYC 1/3
Term
What are the views of women in reform, orthodox?
Definition

-Men and women are equally counted in minyons

 

-Men are the only ones to be allowed to be Rabbis, counted in minyons

 

-

Term
What do reform and orthodox Jews feel about which part your family has to be Jewish in able for you be Jewish?
Definition

- Either parent is Jewish makes you Jewish

 

-You can only be Jewish if your mother was

Term
What does the reform and orthodox Jews feel about Hebrew in the service?
Definition

- Service is in whatever country's language you are in.  Some prayers and songs can be in Hebrew

 

-EVERYTHING in Hebrew

Term
What is the most important prayer?
Definition
Shema
Term
What two things can only men wear in Orthodox churches?
Definition
Skullcap and prayer shaw
Term
What is most described as being kosher/non-kosher?
Definition
Food
Term
What is the opposite of kosher?
Definition
traif
Term
How do reform and orthodox Jews feel about music in service?
Definition

-Music if you want, usually organ

 

-Absolutely no musical instruments, only cantor

Term
What sort of things can't you do on the Sabbath according to Orthodox Jews?
Definition
Turn lights on, drive, tearing things, pushing buttons
Term
Where can you find the weekly scriptures for the Torah?
Definition
Jewish calendar
Term
How many portions are there to study from the Torah?
Definition
54
Term
What are study books with commentary used during the Sabbath?
Definition
Chumash
Term
What is the additional portion of scripture to be studied called?  Where do these usually come from?
Definition

Haftarah

Usually from the Ketubim or Nevi'm

Term
What does consecration mean for Jews?  How old are children when this happens? What do they recieve?
Definition

When kids start religious school

Kindergarten age

Tiny replicas of important Jewish items: scroll

Term
What do you use to keep your place in the Tanak?
Definition
Yad
Term
What is a sofer?
Definition
Someone who writes the Torah scrolls by hand
Term
What do Orthodox Jews believe is the direct revelation from God?
Definition
The Torah
Term
What do reform Jews think about the Torah being direct revelation?
Definition
Believe that the Torah was written over the years- indirectly
Term
What are the Nevi'm and Ketubim categorized under?
Definition
The Talmud
Term
When was the Talmud published?
Definition
Post-biblical and over a number of centuries
Term
What were Rabbis and scholars asked to do with the Talmud?
Definition
Asked to write commentary of what they believe it meant, how to follow rules, celebrate holidays, etc
Term
What language is the Talmud written in?
Definition
Aramaic
Term
Each volume of the Talmud has what two things?
Definition
Mishnat and Gemorrah
Term
What is Mishnaht?
Definition
What law is being discussed
Term
What is Gemorrah?
Definition
The actual discussion on how to follow the law
Term
What are the minor branches of Judaism?
Definition

Chasidic

Polydox

Reconstructionist

 

Term
Which minor branch is the most orthodox?
Definition
Chasidic
Term
What do Chasidic Jews look like?
Definition

Men have long beards

Look out of the 18th century Europel

Women modestly dressed

All hair covered

Term
What are Rabbis like in Chasidic communities?
Definition
Rabbi's word is law
Term
Who becomes a Rabbi in Chasidic groups?
Definition
The son of the last Rabbi
Term
Which group is the most reform?
Definition
Polydox
Term
Who is the leader of the Polydox Jews?
Definition
Rabbi Reines
Term
What do Polydox Jews believe of reform Jews?
Definition
Not liberal enough.  More changes need to be made
Term
How do Polydox Jews feel about laws?
Definition
Individuals choose how to live
Term
Which minor branch is based on the teachings of Rabbi Kaplan?
Definition
Reconstructionist
Term
What do Reconstructionists believe of Judaism?
Definition
It is an ancient civilization that emphasizes culture more than religion
Term
How do Reconstructionists view God?
Definition
He is a force or power that sustains life and the universe who doesn't hear our prayers
Term
What does Shana Tovah mean?
Definition
Good Year
Term
What is the name of the Jewish New Year?
Definition
Rosh Hashanna
Term
What is the most Holy Jewish holiday?
Definition
Yom Kippur?
Term
What day of the New Year is Yom Kippur?
Definition
The 10th
Term
What is Yom Kippur?
Definition
Day of repentence/forgiveness
Term
What are the 1st 10 days of the NEw Year called?
Definition
Teshuvah
Term
What are confessional prayers offered directly to God?
Definition
Vidui
Term
What are the two types of choices?  Which one are good and which one are bad?
Definition

Yetzer Tov- Good

Yetzer HaRah-Bad

Term
What are the 3 types of sins?
Definition

Chet

Avon

Pesha

Term
What are unintentional sins?
Definition
Chet
Term
What are intentional sins?
Definition
Avon
Term
What are intentional and severe rebellious sins?
Definition
Pesha
Term
What odes incorporeal mean?
Definition
Without body
Term
What is an all-powerful/all-knowing being who is eternal?
Definition
Term
Omnipotent
Definition
Term
What two Hebrew terms mean "God"
Definition

Adonai

Elohim

Term
What did Kushner write an article about? What Book did he write?
Definition

a Limited God

"When Bad Things Happen to Good People"

Term
What is a shofar?
Definition
A ram's horn blown on the New Year
Term
What are three types of organizations we talked about?
Definition

Hadassah

Magen David Adom

B'nai Brith

Term
What is Hadassah and what do they fund?
Definition
A women's group that helps hositpals in Israel.  Fund humanitarian things
Term
What is the Magen David Adom?
Definition
The Israeli Red Cross
Term
What does B'nai Brith mean?
Definition

"Children of the Covenant"

 

Term
What 2 things does B'nai Brith fund?
Definition

Hillel: Jewish college campus organizations

ADL: Anti-Defammation League

Term
What is the term used when we talk about how Jews feel like the chosen people?
Definition
Covenant
Term
Why do Jews feel like they need to respect the convenant?
Definition
Recieved commandments right from God and they need to lead the world in righteousness
Term
WHat is the physical sign of the covenant and when does this take place?
Definition
Cicumcision of boys on the 8th day of life
Term
What does Teshuvah mean?
Definition
Repentence
Term
What are special prayers during Teshuvah?
Definition
Tefilah
Term
What are charity and good deeds from Jewish people?
Definition
Tsedakau
Term
Who was Maimonides?
Definition
Scholar from Spain who did commentaries on the Tanak
Term
What did Maimonides write? What is it called?
Definition
The 13th Principles of the Jewish Faith- Yigdal
Term
Do all Jews believe the 13 Principles?
Definition
No, too literal: direct revelation
Term
What is Eschatology?
Definition
Concept of the End of Days
Term
What do traditional Jews believe will happen at the End of Days? So what does that mean when they die?
Definition
The dead will rise again.  Cannot be cremated
Term
What is the netherworld or Limbo?
Definition
Sheol
Term
What is Ben-Yahuda famous for
Definition
Reviving the Hebrew language to a spoken one
Term
What is the Mashiach?
Definition
The annointed one who is coming to save us
Term
What is Sukkot?
Definition
The Feast of Tabernacles
Term
What is the Jewish organization that helps feed the hungry?
Definition
Mazon
Term
What is a Lulav? When is it used?
Definition

Palm branch

During Sukkot

Term
What does the Jewish National Fund do?
Definition
Agency to build up Israel.  Plant trees, dig up swamps, make the desert bloom.
Term
What is the Messianic age? What group of Jews believe in this?
Definition
Age of peace and harmony.  What the reform Jews believe instead of the Messiah
Term
What is Sabbat?
Definition
The Sabbath
Term
What does Shalom mean?
Definition
Peace
Term
What is the blessing over win before drinking it
Definition
Kiddush
Term
What is the name of the special bread eaten?
Definition
Chalah
Term
What do candles represent during the Sabbath?
Definition
Welcoming the Sabbath
Term
What is the goodbye Sabbath candle?
Definition
Havdalah
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