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1st Semester Final Vocabulary
N/A
39
English
11th Grade
01/13/2011

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Term
allusion
Definition
an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference
Term
analogy
Definition
a comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification
Term
antithesis
Definition
a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else
Term
apostrophe
Definition
speaking to an imaginary or absent person, thing, or abstract idea
Term
asyndeton
Definition
the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence
Term
chiasmus
Definition
rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical contstructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form

ex. 'You forget what you want to remember and you remember what you want to forget."
Term
connotation
Definition
an idea or feeling that a word invokes person in addition to its literal or primary meaning
Term
cumulative
Definition
increasing or increased in quantity, degree, or force by successive additions
Term
declarative
Definition
a statement in the form of a declaration
Term
denotation
Definition
the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests
Term
dependent
Definition
subordinate to another clause, phrase, or word
Term
dramatic irony
Definition
when the audience knows something the characters do not
Term
ethos
Definition
appeals to authority
Term
euphemism
Definition
mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing
Term
exposition
Definition
comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory
Term
fragment
Definition
an incomplete sentence or idea
Term
grotesque & arabesque
Definition
anything with an element of horror "grotesque," and anything with and element of wonder "arabesque"
Term
hyperbole
Definition
exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally
Term
imperative
Definition
a verb or phrase in the imperative mood (of vital importance; crutial)
Term
interrogative
Definition
a word used in questions such as 'how' or 'what'
Term
inverted
Definition
sentence in which the normal grammatical order has been inverted, usually to put emphasis on the first or last word
Term
litotes
Definition
form of understatement in which a thing is affirmed by stating the negative of its opposite

ex. 'She was not unmindful'
Term
logos
Definition
appeal to reason
Term
onomatopoeia
Definition
when words sound like what they mean
Term
overgeneralization
Definition
drawing conclusions or making statements that are more general than is justified by the evidence
Term
paradox
Definition
contradictory but makes sense

ex. "War is Peace"
Term
pathos
Definition
appeals to emotions
Term
periodic
Definition
of or relating to a complex sentence, esp. one consisting of several clauses, constructed as part of a formal speech or oration
Term
persona
Definition
authors are a part of the fiction, characters invented for a particular artistic purpose
Term
polysyndeton
Definition
opposite of asyndeton
Term
post hoc
Definition
occurring or done after the event
Term
rhetorical question
Definition
a question that is not meant to be answered
Term
satire
Definition
use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and citicize people's stupidity or vices
Term
situational irony
Definition
when an outcome turns out differently than expected
Term
style
Definition
everything pertaining to the way in which you write.

ex. poetic, didactic, ironic, satirical
Term
syllogism
Definition
instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions, each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion
Term
syntax
Definition
arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences
Term
verbal irony
Definition
when something is said where the opposite is intended
Term
zeugma
Definition
figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses

ex. 'John and his license expired last week.'
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