Term
| What is the difference between a covalent bond and an ionic bond? |
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Definition
Covalent bond- 2 atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Ionic bond- 2 oppositely charged ions |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of an element that has a different number of neutrons than the others of that element |
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Term
| Is a molecule covalent or ionic? |
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Definition
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Term
What is EXERGONIC?
What is ENDERGONIC? |
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Definition
Exergonic- release of free energy
Endergonic-absorption of free energy |
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Term
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Definition
| An enzyme is a catalyst in a living thing |
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Term
What is OXIDATION?
What is REDUCTION? |
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Definition
Oxidation- becomes more positive in charge
Reduction- becomes more negative in charge |
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Term
| What are REDOX reactions? |
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Definition
| Reactions in which electrons are transferred between atoms. |
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Term
| What is the hydronium ion? |
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Definition
| H30+. Formed by [H+ + H20 <=> H30+] |
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Term
| What is the HYDROXIDE ION? |
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Definition
| OH- Acids most commonly have this ion (ex. hydrochloride). Also water. |
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Term
What is an ACID?
What is a BASE? |
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Definition
Acid= # of Hydronium>Hydroxide Ions
Base= # of Hydroxide>Hydronium Ions |
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Term
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Definition
| Buffers neutralize an acid or base added to a solution. |
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Term
| What is HYDROGEN BONDING? |
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Definition
| The bond that holds to water molecules together. |
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Term
What is COHESION?
What is ADHESION? |
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Definition
Cohesion is attraction between like particles.
Adhesion is attraction between unlike particles. |
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Term
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Definition
The reaction of a liquid suface with a solid.
(ex. water creeping up a narrow vessel) |
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Term
| What are FUNCTIONAL GROUPS? |
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Definition
| Clusters of atoms which influence the properties of the molecules they compose. |
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Term
What are MONOMERS?
POLYMERS?
ISOMERS? |
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Definition
Monomers= simpler molecules of carbon compounds
Polymers= repeated linked units
Isomers= single formula, different forms |
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Term
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Definition
| Large, nonpolar molecules that don't dissolve in water. Large # of carbon-hydrogen bonds which means MORE ENERGY. |
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Term
Triglyceride?
Phospholipids? |
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Definition
Triglyceride= 3 molecules of fatty acid to 1 molecule of alcohol glycerole
Phospholipids= 2 fatty acid to 1 glycerole |
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Term
What is HYDROPHILIC?
HYDROPHOBIC? |
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Definition
Hydrophilic= carboxyl end of fatty acid. "Water Loving".
Hydrophobic= hydrocarbon end. "Water Fearing". |
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Term
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Definition
| (Adenosine Triphosphate) Energy compound for cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two monosaccharides combine in condensation reaction to form this. |
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Term
What is CONDENSATION REACTION?
HYDROLOSIS? |
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Definition
Condensation reaction is molecules combining.
Hydrolosis is breaking down of compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
Cell theory:
-All living things have 1 or more cells
-Cells are the basic unit in an organism
-Cells come from the reproduction of existing cells |
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Term
| PROKARYOTE vs. EUKARYOTE? |
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Definition
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus.
Eukaryotes are orgaisms whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus. |
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Term
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Definition
wall of cell which lets things in and out of cell.
SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE |
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Term
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Definition
| transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| prepares protein for export |
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Term
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Definition
| processes cell productions |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the difference in concentration of molecules across a space |
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Term
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Definition
| concentration of substance throughout space is equal. |
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Term
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Definition
| water molecules diffuse across cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentration inside > Concetration outside |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentration outside>inside |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentration Equal both inside and out |
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Term
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Definition
| The pressure water molecules exert against the cell wall |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells shrink away from cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost |
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Term
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Definition
| Moves molecules across cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. |
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