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19 Bacteria
bacteria and virus
27
Biology
9th Grade
07/15/2009

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Term
prokaryotes
Definition
unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus
Term
bacilli
Definition
rod shaped prokaryotes
Term
cocci
Definition
spherical prokaryotes
Term
spirilla
Definition
spiral prokaryotes
Term
chemoheterotrophs
Definition
prokaryotes that use food for energy and carbon
Term
photoheterotrophs
Definition
prokaryotes that use sunlight and food for energy and carbon
Term
photoautotrophs
Definition
prokaryotes that use light for energy and carbon
Term
chemoautotrophs
Definition
use energy from chemical reactions for energy and carbon
Term
obligate aerobes
Definition
organisms that require a constant supply of oxygen in order to live .. TB bacteria
Term
obligate anaerobe
Definition
bacteria that must live without oxygen
Term
facultative anaerobes
Definition
bacteria that does not care if it has oxygen or not like e coli
Term
binary fission
Definition
asexual reproduction where a bacterium replicates itself and produces two identical cells
Term
conjugation
Definition
the process where bacteria exchange information through a hollow bridge
Term
endospore
Definition
a spore that is formed when bacterium produces walls when conditions are harsh
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
bacterias process of converting nitrogen gas into a form plants can use
Term
virus
Definition
nucleic acid and proteins, poison in latin, debate if alive or not alive
Term
capsid
Definition
a virus's protein coat
Term
bacteriophage
Definition
a virus that can infect bacteria
Term
lytic infection
Definition
when a virus lyses the host cell immediatly which causes it to burst
Term
lysogenic infection
Definition
a virus changes a host cells DNA and then causes it to burst
Term
prophage
Definition
viral DNA that is embedded into the host's DNA
Term
retrovirus
Definition
a virus that starts with RNA and then turns itself into DNA inside hte host cell
Term
pathogens
Definition
the disease causing agents in a virus
Term
vaccine
Definition
to produce immunity for viruses, a preparation of weakened pathogens
Term
antibiotics
Definition
compounds that block the growht of bacteria
Term
viroids
Definition
single stranded RNA molecules that have no capsids
Term
prions
Definition
particles that are only capsids - contain no DNA or RNA
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