Term
| Charles dismisses Parliament and does not call it again until 1640, this is met with no public resistance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An attempted tax strike by merchants was broken by Charles, and a leading merchant Richard Chambers was fined £2000 and imprisoned for speaking out against these illegal taxes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three MPs (Holles, Valentine and Eliot) were imprisoned for forcing the Speaker to sit after Charles had dismissed Parliament. Charles shifted them between prisons to avoid the writs of Habeas Corpus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thomas Wentworth and William Laud were appointed to the Privy Council. Their policies ("thorough") enabled Charles to maintain royal authority. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did Laud maintain his power? |
|
Definition
| He used the courts of Star Chamber and High Commission to enforce his rule and silence opposition. |
|
|
Term
| What treaty was made with France? |
|
Definition
| The Treaty of Susa, in 1629 to make peace which boosted royal finances as a result of trade. |
|
|
Term
| What treaty was made with Spain? |
|
Definition
| The Treaty of Madrid, in 1630, to make peace which boosted royal finances as a result of trade. |
|
|
Term
| What was the result of Wentworth's harsh regime in Ireland? |
|
Definition
| It turned Ireland from a financial liability (costing crown £20,000 a year in the early 1630s) into a financial asset. |
|
|
Term
| Who was Alexander Leighton? |
|
Definition
| He criticised the bishops, so was flogged, mutilated and imprisoned for life. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Distraint of Knighthood? |
|
Definition
| Set up in 1630, fines were levied on freeholders for failing to present themselves at Charles' coronation. They had to buy knighthoods, and became liable for extra dues on their land. This raised £165,000 by 1635. |
|
|
Term
| What was the declaration regarding true limits of royal forests? |
|
Definition
| In 1634, people with property within the newly defined royal forest boundaries were fined for encroaching on King's land. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Court of Wards? |
|
Definition
| The King became guardian of children of rich parents who had died, profiting by selling off their inherited estates. This raised £53,866/year from 1631-5 and £75,088 from 1636-41. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sale of monopolies was renewed through loopholes in the 1624 act against them. Charles sold the licence to the East India Company to a rival group led by Sir William Courten. |
|
|
Term
| What was tonnage and poundage? |
|
Definition
| This was a declaration issued in 1630 of the King's right to levy custom duties despite parliamentary refusal of grant. The value of duty rose significantly as trade increased. |
|
|
Term
| What were new impositions? |
|
Definition
| These were levied again by Charles, producing £53,091/year from 1631-5 and £119,583/year from 1636-41. |
|
|
Term
| List the direct taxes that Charles levied. |
|
Definition
| Tenths and Fifteenths, Subsidies, Poll Tax and Ship Money |
|
|
Term
| What and when were the Graces, introduced in Ireland? |
|
Definition
| 1632, a system designed to secure the status of the Old English by permitting Catholics to engage in public activities. Essentially, it was the idea of raising armies and money from Ireland in return for promises of religious concessions. |
|
|
Term
| When did Thomas Wentworth become the lord deputy of Ireland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what ways did Charles keep the support of the ruling classes? |
|
Definition
| In 1632, Star Chamber was instructed to award huge damages to the Earl of Suffolk because he had been forced to endure undeferential behaviour. |
|
|
Term
| When did Laud reissue the Book of Sports? What did it allow? |
|
Definition
| 1632. It allowed the practising of recreational activities such as dancing and leaping on Sundays. |
|
|
Term
| When was Laud appointed the Archbishop of Canterbury? What did he do? |
|
Definition
| In August 1633. He began his "beauty of holiness" by restoring the wealth of the church and imposing uniformity of worship throughout the kingdom. |
|
|
Term
| What did Laud do regarding preaching? |
|
Definition
| He limited it to Sundays, replacing afternoon services with the teaching of the Catechism. This shows emphasis on ritual and authority, rather than personal faith encouraged by Puritans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Hull the church bells were restored to Holy Trinity Church despite the objections of the Mayor and Corporation. |
|
|
Term
| What changes were made in churches? |
|
Definition
| The plain communion tables were moved to the east end and decorated with richly embriodered cloth. Like the Catholic High Altar, recalling the Catholic mass (transubstantiation). |
|
|
Term
| What happened in court circles? |
|
Definition
| Catholicism became fashionable, and the Privy Councillor Lord Treasurer Weston was a Catholic |
|
|
Term
| When did Charles receive an emissary from the Pope? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Set up in 1634 and levied from coastal areas. In 1635, it was extended to tax inland counties. Raised £107,000/year from 1635-40. By 1637, the tax was falling short of £18,000. |
|
|
Term
| Who replaced Lord Treasurer Weston in 1635? |
|
Definition
| The Bishop of London William Juxon - bitterly resented because bishops had been appointed by the King to carry out his wishes without reservation. Also, this was a clerical influence on secular affairs - not tradition. |
|
|
Term
| What happened to Wentworth in April 1635? |
|
Definition
| He was publically threatened and insulted by Lord Mountnorris, so he brought him before a court martial on a charge of insubordination. The court condemned him to death, by he was imprisoned and deprived of his offices. |
|
|
Term
| In 1637, who was George Con? |
|
Definition
| He was an ambassador from the Pope, welcomed at court and took up residence. |
|
|
Term
| When were Prynne, Burton and Bastwick punished? |
|
Definition
| In June 1635, for circulating pamphlets attacking the rule of bishops and criticising Laudian doctrines. They were accused of sedition. Sentenced to be pilloried, branded on the cheeks and to have their ears clipped. |
|
|
Term
| When was the Prayer Book imposed on Scotland? |
|
Definition
| In July 1635, without reference to Scottish Parliament or the Assembly of the Kirk. |
|
|
Term
| What else did Charles do in Scotland? |
|
Definition
| He planned to raise funds by repossessing Scottish lands formerly held by the Catholic Church. |
|
|
Term
| When was the Scottish National Covenant formed? |
|
Definition
| In February 1638, to defend the Kirk in response to arbitrary English domination. Signed by 300,000 people. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in the First Bishops' War? |
|
Definition
| In mid 1639, occurred because Charles was outraged by the Covenanters' defiance. But Charles' army is weak and untrained, and his Justices of the Peace are busy with Ship Money. |
|
|
Term
| How did the First Bishops' War end? |
|
Definition
| With the Treaty of Berwick, allowing the Scots to decide on their own religious settlement. They abolished the Scottish Prayer Book and the bishops. |
|
|
Term
| When did Wentworth become the Earl of Strafford? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1640, Charles wants to reinvade. What happens? |
|
Definition
| London merchants refuse to lend him money, and Puritans Lord Saye and Sele encourage the Scots to intervene in England. |
|
|
Term
| Strafford advises Charles to do what? |
|
Definition
| Charles recalls Short Parliament, refusing to grant funds unless their grievances are addressed. This is the beginning of opposition. |
|
|
Term
| On what date is Short Parliament dissolved? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When were the Second Bishops' War? What happened? |
|
Definition
| June to October 1640. After a brief battle at Newburn on Tyne, the English army disintegrate which leaves the Scots in control of Newcastle - able to force their terms on the King. |
|
|
Term
| How does the Second Bishops' War end? |
|
Definition
| With the Treaty of Ripon. They demanded that Charles paid them expenses of £850/day, and the postponement of negotiations until Parliament met. Charles did not have the funds, so was forced to call Parliament. |
|
|
Term
| On what date was Long Parliament called? |
|
Definition
| November 1640, in a strong position to challenge the King. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Root and Branch petition? |
|
Definition
| It was a petition that called for the reversal of Laudian reforms and the abolition of episcopacy. Accepted by Commons in December 1640. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in January 1641? |
|
Definition
| Charles agreed to remove bishops from his Privy Council |
|
|
Term
| What happened in February 1641? |
|
Definition
| The Triennial Act was passed by Parliament, receiving the King's assent. |
|
|
Term
| What petition was made in April 1641? |
|
Definition
| A petition demanding the death of Strafford, received 20,000 signatures. |
|
|
Term
| What act was passed in May 1641? |
|
Definition
| An act for a perpetual parliament |
|
|
Term
| How many votes did the Act of Attainder receive declaring Strafford to be guilty of treason? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Charles do in May 1641? |
|
Definition
| He married his daughter Mary to William of Orange, to show his allegiance to Protestantism. |
|
|
Term
| What was the First Army Plot? |
|
Definition
| A plan that army officers were to capture the Tower and release Strafford and force the dissolution of Parliament. Revealed to Commons by Pym in May 1641. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in May 1641? |
|
Definition
| A mob surrounded Whitehall against Henrietta Maria |
|
|
Term
| On what day was Strafford executed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Ten Propositions of June 1641 demanded what? |
|
Definition
| Parliament should choose the King's ministers. |
|
|
Term
| When were the Courts of Star Chamber and High Commission abolished? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What legislation did Parliament enact in August 1641? |
|
Definition
| This legislation deprived Charles I of the powers he had used to maintain Personal Rule. Unpopular measures and taxes were also abolished. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in Parliament in October 1641? |
|
Definition
| A conservative group of MPs emerged, concerned by the radical turn of events. Such as puritan influence on the Church and constitutional change. |
|
|
Term
| What event in October 1641 damaged Charles' reputation for trustworthiness? |
|
Definition
| The Incident, a failed scheme by Scottish Royalists to arrest the leading Covenanter Argyll. |
|
|
Term
| When was the Second Army Plot exposed? |
|
Definition
| October 1641, taking support away from Charles as he returned to London to sign the Treaty of London. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in the Irish Rebellion (October 1641)? |
|
Definition
| Catholic Irish rebelled against Ulster Presbyterians. Approximately 12,000 Protestants died. This was exaggerated to 200,000 deaths, with reports of an Irish army in England encouraging these Catholics to join them. |
|
|
Term
| The Grand Remonstrance (November 1641) was what? |
|
Definition
| A remonstrance which blamed Bishops, Papists and advisors for: discontent between King and his people; corrupting the purity of the Church; Arminianism; making the King anti-parliament and embracing Personal Rule. |
|
|
Term
| How many voted to pass the Grand Remonstrance? Who did this upset? |
|
Definition
| 159-148 votes. This upset Royalist MPs. |
|
|
Term
| What rumours circulated in December 1641? |
|
Definition
| That Pym was planning to impeach Henrietta Maria. |
|
|
Term
| Who did the King want to arrest? What actually happened? |
|
Definition
| Commons refuses to hand over MPs Pym, Strode, Haselrige, Hampden and Holles. In January 1642 Charles goes to Parliament to arrest them, but no one is there. |
|
|
Term
| When did Charles leave for Hampton Court, and then to move his court to York? |
|
Definition
| January 1642, and then February 1642. |
|
|
Term
| What exactly happened in March 1642? |
|
Definition
| Parliament passes the Militia Ordinance, so they can prep the militia although it is the King's right. Charles replies with the Commission of Array. BOTH ARE ILLEGALY USED. |
|
|
Term
| What were the Nineteen Propositions? |
|
Definition
| Sent from Parliament to Charles in June 1642. |
|
|
Term
| When did Charles raise his standard in Nottingham? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was accepted by Commons in December 1640? |
|
Definition
| The Root and Branch Petition, calling for the reversal of Laudian reforms and abolition of episcopacy. |
|
|
Term
| What did Charles agree to in January 1641? |
|
Definition
| To remove bishops from his Privy Council |
|
|
Term
| What Act was passed by Parliament in February 1641? |
|
Definition
| The Triennial Act, which received the King's assent |
|
|
Term
| What petition was formed in April 1641? |
|
Definition
| A petition which called for the death of Strafford, receiving 20,000 signatures |
|
|
Term
| What act was passed in May 1641? |
|
Definition
| An act for a perpetual parliament |
|
|
Term
| When was Strafford found guilty of treason? |
|
Definition
| May 1641, with an Act of Attainder passed 204 votes to 59. |
|
|
Term
| What did Charles do in May 1641? |
|
Definition
| He married his daughter Mary to William of Orange to show his allegiance to Protestantism |
|
|
Term
| What was the First Army Plot? |
|
Definition
| It suggested that army officers were to capture the Tower, release Strafford and force the dissolution of Parliament. May 1641. |
|
|
Term
| What was the mob of May 1641? |
|
Definition
| A mob surrounded Whitehall against Henrietta Maria |
|
|
Term
| When was Strafford executed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were the Ten Propositions? |
|
Definition
| June 1641, demanding that Parliament should choose the King's ministers and that Catholic priests should be removed from Henrietta Maria's service. |
|
|
Term
| When were the courts of Star Chamber and High Commission abolished? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What legislation did Parliament enact in August 1641? |
|
Definition
| Legislation which deprived Charles of the powers he had assumed during Personal Rule. Illegal measures (e.g. Ship Money) were abolished. |
|
|
Term
| When did the conservative group of MPs emerge in Parliament? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A failed scheme in October 1641 by extremist Scottish Royalists to arrest Argyll (leading Covenanter), damaging Charles' reputation. |
|
|
Term
| What was the result of the Second Army Plot? |
|
Definition
| October 1641, took support away from Charles |
|
|
Term
| What was the Irish Rebellion? |
|
Definition
| October 1641, Catholic Irish rebelled against Ulster Presbyterians (12,000 died) but this was exaggerated to 200,000. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Grand Remonstrance? |
|
Definition
| November 1641. The bishops, papists and advisors were blamed for discontent between King and his people; corruption of the CofE; Arminianism; making the King anti-Parliament; enabling the Personal Rule. |
|
|
Term
| When was the Grand Remonstrance passed? |
|
Definition
| November 1641, by 159 votes to 148. |
|
|
Term
| What rumours were circulated in December 1641? |
|
Definition
| That Pym was planning to impeach Henrietta Maria |
|
|
Term
| What was Charles refused in January 1642? |
|
Definition
| The 5 MPs (Pym, Strode, Haselrige, Hampden and Holles) - it would be an infringement of parliamentary privilege |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He attempted to arrest the 5 MPs at Commons with 300 armed guards. They are not there. |
|
|
Term
| Where did Charles go in January 1642? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where did Charles go in February 1642? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens in March 1642? |
|
Definition
| Parliament launches the Militia Ordinance which allows them to prep an army. The King responds with the Commission of Array. Both have been illegally used. |
|
|
Term
| What political settlement was offered to Charles in June 1642? |
|
Definition
| The Nineteen Propositions. Charles refuses them ("We are unwilling to change the laws of England") |
|
|
Term
| What happened in August 1642? |
|
Definition
| The King raised his standard at Nottingham |
|
|
Term
| Which areas did the King and Parliament hold in 1642? |
|
Definition
| The King held the north and west; Parliament held the south and east |
|
|
Term
| What did Charles try to do in April 1642? |
|
Definition
| He tried to secure Hull (a significant arsenal) but the governor had secured its gates against him |
|
|
Term
| Who won the Battle of Edgehill? |
|
Definition
| In October 1642, the result of the battle was inconclusive, and Parliament were prompted to offer the King the Oxford Treaty 1643 - which he refused. |
|
|
Term
| What mistake did the King make in November 1642? |
|
Definition
| The Royalists advanced to Turnham Green (close to London) but decided to retreat to Oxford. |
|
|
Term
| Where were the Parliamentarians defeated in 1643? |
|
Definition
| Roundway Down and Wiltshire. |
|
|
Term
| Did the King manage to gain Parliamentary strongholds? |
|
Definition
| No - Hull, Plymouth and Gloucester |
|
|
Term
| In 1643 which towns did Prince Rupert win? |
|
Definition
| Cirencester, Birmingham and Litchfield |
|
|
Term
| What was the Irish Cessation? |
|
Definition
| In 1643, Ireland sent 10,000 Protestants to fight for Charles but it is seen as an appeasement of Catholicism |
|
|
Term
| What ordinance was passed in March 1643? |
|
Definition
| The ordinance to seize Royalist property |
|
|
Term
| What did Pym begin to do in April 1643? |
|
Definition
| He began the process of compounding - confiscated Royalist land could only be regained with a fine based on its value |
|
|
Term
| What tax was passed in May 1643? |
|
Definition
| The excise tax, which gave Parliament strong economic foundations |
|
|
Term
| Which port did Charles gain in July 1643? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happened between Scotland and Parliament in September 1643? |
|
Definition
| The Solemn League and Covenant, promising Parliament 20,000 men. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did the Scottish force arrive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Parliament set up in February 1644? |
|
Definition
| The Committee of Both Kingdoms, which united the war effort. |
|
|
Term
| What had happened in London by May 1644? |
|
Definition
| The armaments industry had expanded giving them a military advantage |
|
|
Term
| What was the result of the Battle of Marston Moor? |
|
Definition
| Parliament win in July 1644, as Prince Rupert had been arrogant and uncooperative |
|
|
Term
| What did the King lose in October 1644? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did the Parliamentary Eastern Association announce? |
|
Definition
| In November 1644 they announced that they could no longer afford to maintain their forces. |
|
|
Term
| When was the New Model Army created? |
|
Definition
| February 1645, an army of 22,000 men |
|
|
Term
| What was passed in April 1645? |
|
Definition
| The Self denying Ordinance, "promotion by merit" |
|
|
Term
| What did Charles decide in June 1645? |
|
Definition
| To fight the New Model Army |
|
|
Term
| What did Rupert surrender in June 1645? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did Oxford surrender? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the Battle of Naseby? |
|
Definition
| June 1645, with the New Model Army thrashing the Royalist forces |
|
|
Term
| What did Parliament draw up in July 1646? |
|
Definition
| The Newcastle Propositions |
|
|
Term
| When did Charles refuse the Newcastle Propositions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happened in February 1647? |
|
Definition
| Parliament voted to disband the army |
|
|
Term
| In March 1647, what do the army declare? |
|
Definition
| That they will not be disbanded until there is a settlement approved by an Army Council (Solemn Engagement) |
|
|
Term
| What do Parliament do in response? |
|
Definition
| In May 1647 they vote that the army should disband with 6 weeks pay and be reduced to 6,000. The infantry was owed 18 weeks pay and the cavalry owed 43 weeks pay. |
|
|
Term
| When did the army seize the King? |
|
Definition
| June 1647, taking him to Hampton Court |
|
|
Term
| When were the Heads of Proposals offered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happened at Parliament in July 1647? |
|
Definition
| A Presbyterian mob invaded Parliament and attacked Independent MPs who were willing to come to an agreement with the army. |
|
|
Term
| What did the army do in August 1647? |
|
Definition
| They occupied London in the hope of pressurising Parliament. |
|
|
Term
| When did the Putney Debates happen? |
|
Definition
| October - November 1647, the Levellers' "Agreement of the People" was discussed. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in November 1647? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What else happened in November 1647? |
|
Definition
| The army had to sign a declaration of loyalty, accepting the Heads of Proposals (rather than the Leveller document) as the NMA's manifesto. |
|
|
Term
| What did Charles sign with the Scots in December 1647? |
|
Definition
| The Engagement, which invited the Scots to invade England to restore Charles' power. In return he would embrace Presbyterianism for 3 years. |
|
|
Term
| What did Parliament vote in January 1648? |
|
Definition
| The Vote of No Address - they would no longer negotiate with Charles |
|
|
Term
| What happened in April 1648? |
|
Definition
| Royalist uprisings in Kent, Essex and Yorkshire. But they did not gain mass support. |
|
|
Term
| When did the Scottish army enter England? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In August 1648, who fought the Scots and where? |
|
Definition
| Cromwell (9000 troops) fought the Scots (17000 troops) at Preston. |
|
|
Term
| What happened meanwhile in East Anglia? |
|
Definition
| A royalist army travelled drumming up support, but it was put down by Fairfax. |
|
|
Term
| In the army remonstrance of November 1648, what did the army demand? |
|
Definition
| The trial and execution of Charles |
|
|
Term
| What surrounded Parliament in December 1648? |
|
Definition
| Colonel Pride and his regiment, denying entry to those who supported negotiations with the King. 110 MPs were refused entry, and 250 MPs stayed away. 60 MPs agreed to trial. |
|
|
Term
| When did the King's trial begin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many commissioners sign the king's death warrant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the monarchy and House of Lords abolished? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the Rump Parliament proclaimed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the governing body of the Republic? |
|
Definition
| The Council of State, with 40 members. 100 MPs who had been absent during Pride's Purge were readmitted. |
|
|
Term
| When was John Lilburne arrested, and why? |
|
Definition
| In March 1649, for writing anti-tyranny pamphlets, campaigning for soldiers's rights and arguing that all adult males should have the right to vote. |
|
|
Term
| What percentage of MPs were revolutionaries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did the Diggers break into St George's Hill? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the Bishopsgate Mutiny (April 1649)? |
|
Definition
| 30 troopers in Whalley's regiment refused orders to leave London, until Leveller demands were kept. Fairfax and Cromwell regained control. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Robert Lockyer, one of the Agitators in the Bishopsgate Mutiny. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Burford Mutiny (May 1649)? |
|
Definition
| Leveller inspired soldiers seized control and elected new officers. They would not go to Ireland until their grievances over pay were resolved. Cromwell and Fairfax regained control. |
|
|
Term
| What did Cromwell report to Parliament in May 1649? |
|
Definition
| That Levellers in the army had been suppressed. |
|
|
Term
| How many people died in the Drogheda Massacre? |
|
Definition
| 2000-4000 people died in September 1649 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In January 1650, all office holders had to swear loyalty to the Rump Parliament. It was an acceptance that Pride's Purge and King's execution were legal. |
|
|
Term
| What happened in Hertfordshire as a result of the Engagement? |
|
Definition
| 40% of committee members were ousted. |
|
|
Term
| What were the two religious acts? |
|
Definition
| The Adultery Act of May 1650 made adultery a capital offence, and the Blasphemy Act of August 1650 was aimed at Ranters. |
|
|
Term
| When did the Third Civil War outbreak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Cromwell win in September 1650? |
|
Definition
| Victory at Dunbar. His army of 3000 defeated a Scottish army of 10000 despite tactical disadvantages. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Hale Commission, to reform the law. |
|
|
Term
| When was Charles Stuart defeated? |
|
Definition
| September 1650, by the New Model Army at the Battle of Worcester. |
|
|
Term
| What did Cromwell discover in April 1653? |
|
Definition
| MPs had planned to rush a head with a bill that made no legal changes, and to appoint a committee of Rumpers to supervise elections and vet new MPs. |
|
|
Term
| When did Cromwell dismiss the Rump? |
|
Definition
| April 1653, at the head of an army. |
|
|
Term
| What was the composition of Barebones Parliament? |
|
Definition
| 17 greater gentry, 22 country gentry and 66 lesser gentry. |
|
|
Term
| How many MPs in Barebones were radical? |
|
Definition
| Approximately 60 - meaning that they dominated thanks to their experience. |
|
|
Term
| What did Barebones propose? |
|
Definition
| The abolition of ecclesiastical patronage and tithes, and that army officers should serve for a year without pay. |
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Term
| Who denounced the Parliament? |
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Definition
| The conservative MPs, on 12th December 1653. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cromwell was installed as Lord Protector, 16th December 1653. |
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Term
| When was the Third Protectorate Parliament dissolved? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The Rump Parliament, in May 1659 with 50 of the old members |
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Term
| What was the Great Trust and Commission? |
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Definition
| An underground group authorised by Charles II to restore the monarchy. It received warrants in March 1659 to organise an uprising. |
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Term
| What happened in July 1659? |
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Definition
| Booth's Rebellion, a royalist uprising which aimed to create a Free Parliament by new elections. Led by Presbyterian Sir George Booth. |
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Term
| What did the Sealed Knot do in July 1659? |
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Definition
| It sent out messengers warning that the uprising should be abandoned. |
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Term
| When did the Royalists surrender to Lambert? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What was the Derby Petition? |
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Definition
| This petition was launched in September 1659, demanding a political settlement acceptable to the army. Parliament responded by dismissing 9 leading officers, including Fleetwood and Disbrowe. |
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Term
| What did Lambert, in response, do? |
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Definition
| In October 1659 he used soldiers to drive out the Rump by surrounding Parliament buildings and denying them entry. |
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Term
| What was established in October 1659? |
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Definition
| A Committee of Safety to replace the Committee of Officers, to keep a form of government. |
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Term
| How many members did the Committee of Safety have? |
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Definition
| 23 members, consisting of army officers and civilians. |
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Term
| What protest occurred in December 1659? |
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Definition
| An anti-army protest in London |
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Term
| What did Fleetwood do in December 1659? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Monck receive in January 1650? |
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Definition
| Petitions from the county associations for a free parliament and return of the monarchy. |
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Term
| What did Monck ensure in February 1650? |
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Definition
| He ensured that those MPs excluded during Pride's Purge were invited back - as long as they voted that free elections should be called. |
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Term
| When was the Rump officially dissolved? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Parliament met in April 1650? |
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Definition
| The Convention Parliament (elected, not called by a king) and discussed on what terms Charles II should be invited back. Presbyterians as well as Royalists wanted a moderate settlement. |
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Term
| When was the Declaration of Breda presented to Parliament, and by whom? |
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Definition
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Term
| When was Charles II invited back to England? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Act of Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660)? |
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Definition
| This act declared that only the regicides and 9 others would be called to account for their actions against Charles I |
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Term
| In September 1660, what was Charles II's annual income? |
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Definition
| £1.2 million a year, to be raised from grants and subsidies |
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Term
| When was the Convention Parliament dissolved by Charles II? |
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Definition
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Term
| What act was passed in July 1661? |
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Definition
| The Militia Act, confirming that the monarch (as head of state) was supreme commander of the army and navy |
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Term
| What act was repealed in 1661? |
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Definition
| The Bishops' Exclusion Act of 1641, allowing Anglican bishops to take their seats in Lords |
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Term
| In what month was the New Model Army finally disbanded? |
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Definition
| January 1661, and was paid for by a poll tax and an additional assessment tax on property owners. |
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Term
| What uprising occurred in January 1661? |
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Definition
| The Fifth Monarchist Venner's Uprising, adding to Parliament's fear of radical sects |
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Term
| What religious conference was held in April 1661? |
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Definition
| The Savoy Conference, in an attempt to reconcile the Church of England. No agreement could be reached because of the High Church Party |
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Term
| When was the Cavalier Parliament elected? |
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Definition
| May 1661, made up of predominantly Anglican and Royalist MPs. |
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Term
| What act was passed in November 1661? |
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Definition
| The Corporation Act, all office holders had to renounce the Solemn League and Covenant, and to take the sacrament in accordance with the doctrines of the Church of England |
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Term
| What tax was set up in 1662? Why? |
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Definition
| The hearth tax, to make up the shortfall in Charles II's expenses. |
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Term
| What was the 1662 Declaration of Indulgence? |
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Definition
| This was Charles II's attempt to extend religious liberty to Protestant dissenters and Catholics - he was forced to withdraw it. |
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Term
| What was the 1662 Act of Uniformity? |
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Definition
| An act that meant that all ordained clergymen under the doctrines of the established church had to accept the revise Book of Common Prayer. |
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Term
| What was the 1662 Quaker Act? |
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Definition
| An act which forced them to swear an oath of allegiance to the Church, or be imprisoned. |
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Term
| What happened to Republican Sir Henry Vane? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Licensing Act of 1662? |
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Definition
| It reintroduced censorship of the press |
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Term
| In what ways was the Triennial Act of 1641 modified in 1664? |
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Definition
| It was now no longer possible to force the monarch to call a parliament every three years |
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Term
| What was the 1664 Conventicle Act? |
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Definition
| It intended to prevent clergymen ejected by the Act of Uniformity from forming their own congregations. It was illegal for more than 5 people not of the same household to meet for religious worship. |
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Term
| What was the 1664 5 Mile Act? |
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Definition
| It intended to curb the influence of dissenting clergymen by prohibiting them from residing within 5 miles of any living they had held before the Act was passed. |
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Term
| When did the Second Anglo-Dutch War happen? How much money did Parliament spend? |
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Definition
| It lasted from March 1665 to July 1667. Parliament voted £5 million, compared to £11 million spent by the Dutch. |
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Term
| When was the Earl of Clarendon dismissed and exiled? |
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Definition
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