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15-Freshwater
15-Freshwater
30
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/24/2013

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Term
Key Word:
Definition
Description
Term
wastewater
Definition
Used and contaminated water that is release
Term
freshwater
Definition
Water that has few dissolved ions such as salt
Term
groundwater
Definition
Water found underground in a region known as an aquifer
Term
aquifer
Definition
An underground, permeable region of soil or rock that is saturated with water
Term
infiltration
Definition
The process of water soaking into the ground
Term
desalination
Definition
The removal of salt and minerals from seawater to make it suitable for consumption
Term
effluent
Definition
Water discharged into the environment
Term
potable
Definition
Water clean enough for consumption
Term
reservoir
Definition
Artificial lake formed when a river is impounded by a dam
Term
transpiration
Definition
The loss of water vapor from plants
Term
Water Scarcity
Definition
We can only use about 1% of the earths 75% water. Water is scare in dry regions such as Anaheim California. (262)
Term
Contamination
Definition
"The World Health Organization estimates that 1 in 3 people-more than 2 billion-lack sufficient access to clean water." More than 1 million tons of raw sewage enter the Ganges River of India every minute. Water borne diseases in Africa also kill almost 3,000 people a day. (265)
Term
Wastewater Treatment
Definition
"Sewage must be treated before it can be safely released to the environment. Most communities use chemical- and energy- intensive high-tech methods, but systems that mimic nature can also effectively purify water." (272)
Term
Water Use
Definition
"Reducing waste is tied to reducing consumption, not just of water but of industrial and agricultural products as well. " About 70% of all freshwater goes to agriculture. (267)
Term
Groundwater
Definition
"Groundwater in aquifers is naturally replenished as water soaks into the ground. Humans can access this groundwater through wells but we can pull out water faster than it is naturally replaced. This can lead to saltwater intrustion…" (268)
Term
Water Scarcity
Definition
Not having enough clean water supplies.
Term
Aquifer
Definition
An underground, permeable region of soil or rock that is saturated with water.
Term
Desalination
Definition
The removal of Salt and minerals from seawater to make it suitablr for consumption.
Term
Saltwater Intrusion
Definition
The inflow of ocean (salt) water into a freshwater aquifer that happens when an aquifer has lost some of its freshwater stores.
Term
Potable
Definition
Water clean enough for consumption.
Term
Effluent
Definition
Water discharged into the environment.
Term
Coliform Bacteria
Definition
Bacteria often found in the intestinal tract of animals; monitored for fecal contamination.
Term
Infiltration
Definition
The process of water soaking into the ground.
Term
Wastewater
Definition
Used and contaminated water that is released after use by households, industry, or agriculture.
Term
Water Cycle
Definition
Is the movement of water from gasous to liquid states through various water compartments such as surface waters, soil, and living organisms. 1. Evaporation: conversion of water from a liquid state to a gasous state. 2.Transpiration: loss of water vapor from plants. 3. Condensation: conversion of water from water vapor to a liquid state. 4. Precipitation: Rain, Snow, sleet, or any form of water falling from the atmosphere. The water cycle is constantly going happening.
Term
Water Distibution
Definition
Earth is covered with 75% of water but only about 1% is usable for humans. 97% of the water on eath is saltwater and only 3% is freshwater (water that has few dissolved ions such as salt). Of the 1% amount of freshwater glaciers and ice caps make up 87%, 12% is groundwater and 1% is surface and other freshwater. The surface water on earth consists 52% lakes, 38% soil moisture, 8% atmosphere, 1% rivers, and 1% water in living organisms.
Term
Availability and access to water world wide
Definition
Around the world, more than 2 billion people lack access to clean water. An additional 2.6 billion have no access to sainitation. Per capita water use is growing faster than our population. Developed countries have a largerper capita "water footprint" than developing nations. In some areas, individuals must make do with only a few gallons a day. Canada uses the most domestic water in the world, the United States is comes in second. The less developed countries use and have less access to water than developed countries.
Term
Water use
Definition
Agriculture remains the biggest user of water and also the sector with the largest amount of waste. About 70% of water is used for agriculture, 22% is used in industry and 8% is used for domestic. The making of blue jeans uses more amount of water than making making beef.
Term
Water Conservation
Definition
Water usage can be reduced by using new water-efficient technologies and by making behavioral changes that help conserve water. Easy solutions like turning off faucet when nt using the water, taking shorter showers and only using appliances like dishwashers and washers when full. Toliets use the most amount of water in the U.S. households.
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