Term
| What is the Enlightenment? |
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Definition
| A cultural movement in the development of ideals and idealogy on government and life. Such ideals as natural rights, separation of church and state, and balance of powers were established. |
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Term
| How did it affect the political thoufght of the colonies? |
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Definition
| It spurred them to rally against Great Britian. It allowed the colonies a reason to revolt and fight for their independence. |
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Term
| Who was John Locke? How did John Locke's ideas influence the American Revolution? |
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Definition
| John Locke was a philospher. He developed these ideas of natural rights. Life, Liberty, and Property. With such "rights taken away, the colonies decided to revolt. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unalienable rights, Life, Liberty, Property or Pursuit of happiness. |
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Term
| How did the history of Greece and Rome affect colonial ideas about independence? |
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Definition
| The colonies reacted by allowing the formation of states. By rallying together they were able to break free from Great Britian and establish a democratic government. |
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Term
| Describe the division of powers found in the Constitution. |
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Definition
| There are three branches, Excutive, Judicial, and Legislative. They all have powers that check one another. This is a way in ensure no one power has complete control of the government |
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Term
| Desribe the separation of powers found in the Constitution. |
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Definition
| The Excutive branch has the power to veto the Legislative, the Legislative creates the laws, the Judicial can find a law unconstitutial. |
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Term
| Look on the chart on page 71. Describe the three main conflicts at the Constitutional Convention. |
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Definition
Slaves giving seats in the government.
The Congress's division
Small or Big states representation |
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Term
| Who were Federalists? Why did the support the Consitution? |
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Definition
| Federalists supported the Consitution for it gave the central government more power. |
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Term
| Who were the Anti-Federalists and did they oppose the Consitution? |
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Definition
| They had feared the central government would have too much power. They favored a weak central and state powers. |
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Term
| Describe the Bill of rights. |
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Definition
| The Bill of rights were 10 amendments that were ratify to ensure the natural rights of Americans. |
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Term
| What was the Whiskey Rebellion and who ended up with more power at the end of it? The states of the national government? |
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Definition
| The Whiskey Rebellion was the revolt of small farmers. Washington sent 13,000 militia men to fight off this rebellion and therefore strengthening the national government. |
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Term
| What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? What did they violate? |
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Definition
| It violated one's natural rights for if one was suspected of revolting the President had the power to deport oneself. |
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Term
| What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolution? How do they illustrate the struggle between states and national power? |
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Definition
| It was the conflict between the states and national power and the interpretation of the Consitution. |
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Term
| What was the major principle asserted in the court case Marbury vs Madison. What does it mean? |
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Definition
| It declared a federal law unconsititional and therefore strengthened the power of the judicial branch and established judicial review. |
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Term
| How did democracy expand during the time of the Jacksonians? |
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Definition
| Democracy expanded with its isolation ideals and created a more diverse voting range. |
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Term
| What was the nullification crisis. |
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Definition
| It challenged the Presidents right to pass or veto a bill. |
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Term
| When was the Dred Scott decision and what did it say? |
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Definition
| It stated the African Americans can never become American citizens and therefore must remain a slave. |
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Term
| When was Abraham Lincoln elected President and wh did the Southern states secede. |
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Definition
| He was elected in 1860 and the South secede for it feared the freedom of slaves. |
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Term
| What political changes were the result of the Civil War? |
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Definition
| Slaves were free and given the right to vote. |
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Term
| What economic changes were the result of the Civil War? |
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Definition
| The south became a total mess and the North became an industrial giant. |
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Term
| How did the Civil war change warfare? |
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Definition
| It was the first war that the United States implimented "total war" |
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Term
| What was the 13th Amendment? |
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Definition
| No man can be placed under slavery or servitude. |
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Term
| What was the Reconstruction? What were its goals? |
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Definition
| The Reconstruction was the slow re-entry of the seceded states. Its goals were to rebuild the wartorn South. |
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Term
| How does the Upton Sinclair's The Jungle working conditions in the meat packing plants? |
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Definition
| It decribed the plants as dirty and unsanitary places. It caused for reform. |
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Term
| What did The Jungle lead the government to do? |
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Definition
| They passed new laws regulating the food industry. |
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Term
| Why did cities grow in the late 19th century? |
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Definition
| Immigrants and blacks came into cities looking for jobs. |
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Term
| Look at the map on page 283. How does it represent what was happening in cities at the turn of the 20th century. |
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Definition
| Cities were becoming highly densed with immigrants. |
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Term
| Describe the Americanization Movement. |
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Definition
| It was the movement for immigrants to assimilate into the American lifestyle and culture. |
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Term
| What is a political machine? |
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Definition
| It was organized groups of people that were in control of elected officials. |
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Term
| How did immigrants respond to political machines? Why? |
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Definition
| Immigrants supported the political machines for it gave them work and they often voted for them. |
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Term
| What was the Tweed Ring? What were they accused of and how were they brought down? |
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Definition
| The Tweed Ring was in New York City that was accused of kickbacks. A cartoonist brought this political machine down. |
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Term
| What could businesses achieve by horizontal consolidation. |
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Definition
| The business would have total control of one product. It would allow them to set any price they wish to have. |
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Term
| What is Social Darwinism and what did it practically lead to? |
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Definition
| Social Darwinism is the idea that one must fight to survive and only the best and strongest get to be on the top. It practically lead to the American view point of work. |
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Term
| Describe the Social Gospel Movement. |
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Definition
| It was a humanitarian ideal that believe that the rich should help the less unfortunate. |
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Term
| Who was Jane Addams and what were settlement houses? (Hull House) |
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Definition
| She was basically the first social worker. |
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Term
| Who were the Populists? What did they want? What was the result of theses efforts? |
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Definition
| The Populists party was mainly farmers or the working class. They wanted to the government to help during the depression. The result of these efforts were reforms in the government. |
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Term
| Who were the Progressives? What did the want? |
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Definition
| Progressives were reformers and they wanted to reform the governemnt. |
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Term
| Describe the 16th Amendment. When. Why |
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Definition
| It was the beginning of income tax. |
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Term
| Why was Theodore Roosevelt known as the "trustbuster" |
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Definition
| He ended trusts and monopolies. |
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Term
| What was the Square Deal? |
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Definition
| It was the political campaign Theodore Roosevelt ran with. |
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Term
| What was the Great Awakening? |
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Definition
| It was the revivial of progression and religion. |
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Term
| What were the results of the Great Awakening? |
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Definition
| Americans became more religious |
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Term
| Describe the Second Great Awakening? What was its goals? |
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Definition
| It was the second revivial attempt. Its goals were to purify America. |
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Term
| Who were Mormons? How were they persecuted? |
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Definition
| Mormoms are a religious group. They were persecuted because of their practices. |
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Term
| What did the first amendment say about religion. |
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Definition
| One can have any religion one wishes. |
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Term
| What was the Open Door Policy and what did it lead to in China. |
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Definition
| It was the idea that any one was allowed to trade in China. It lead to free trade in China and a Rebellion. |
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Term
| How did the Spanish-American War start. |
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Definition
| The sinking of the Maine and the DeLome Letter. |
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Term
| Who were the Rough Riders? |
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Definition
| It was Theodore Roosevelts group of soliders. |
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Term
| What did the US obtain as a result of the Spanish American War? |
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Definition
| The United States obtained new lands. |
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Term
| What was the role of the US in the Panama Resolution? |
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Definition
| The US was the mediator. It also was given the right to build the canal. |
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Term
| What were the advantages of the Panama Canal. |
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Definition
| It gave a direct route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. |
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Term
| When was the Panama Canal built and at what costs? |
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Definition
| It costs 380 million and was built in 1912/1914 |
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Term
| Desribe the Big STick Diplomacy |
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Definition
| It was basically the showing of the US powers in the affect of diplomatic relations. |
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Term
| Desribe Woodrow WIllson's Moral Diplomacy. |
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Definition
| It was the spread of democracy. |
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Term
| How did WWI affect the power of the President. |
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Definition
| It gave more power to the President. |
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Term
| What did the Committee of Public Information do during WWI. |
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Definition
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Term
| How did WWI affect African Americans? |
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Definition
| It further discriminated them and did not really help them. |
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Term
| How did WWI affect women? |
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Definition
| It gave women jobs and roles outside of motherhood and the house. |
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Term
| What were the main policies of Warren Harding. |
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Definition
| He believed in big business. |
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Term
| Describe the scandals of the Harding Adminstation. |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the policies of Calvin Coolidge. |
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Definition
| Big Business, AKA Silent Cal |
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Term
| What was Herbert Hoovers philosophy of government. |
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Definition
| He believe in rugged individualism and big business. |
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Term
| What was the Red Scare and why were people scared? |
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Definition
| The Red scare was the fear of communism for they feared it would take over America. |
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Term
| What did Marcus Garvey believe? What groupd did he create? What was its purpose. |
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Definition
| Back to Africa Movement. UNIA |
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Term
| What motivated the growth of the KKK in the 1920s? |
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Definition
| The red scare and white superiority. |
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Term
| Describe the Quota System for immigration in the 1920s? |
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Definition
| It limited the amount of immigrants coming from centian places (Eastern, Nothern Europe and Asia. |
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Term
| When was the American Civil Liberties Union founded and wht was its purpose. |
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Definition
| Its purpose was to protect the rights of workers. |
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Term
| What was the NAACP and what were its goals? |
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Definition
| The NAACP was an organized African American group that wanted to further obtain their civil rights. |
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Term
| What was the 18th Amendment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the Volstead Act do? |
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Definition
| It extended wartime measures into peacetime. |
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Term
| What does the 19th Amendment do? |
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Definition
| Gave voting rights to women. |
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Term
| How did the role of women change in the 1920's. |
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Definition
| They became more independant and worked. |
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Term
| What was the Harlem Renaissance? |
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Definition
| It was the revival of African AMerican pride and heritage through arts and literature. |
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Term
| What were African-American writers in the Harlem Reniassance writing about? |
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Definition
| Their experiences of being a black man or woman and their own stories of Africa. |
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Term
| Who was Langston Hughes and what do his poems describe? |
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Definition
| He was a writer that invoked strong racial pride in his works. |
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Term
| Who was Zora Neal Hurston and what did she write about? |
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Definition
| She was writer during the Harlem Renaissance that wrote about her life and the African American culture. |
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Term
| What is jazz and name some famous jazz players. |
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Definition
| Jazz is music started in New Orleans. Loius Armstrong |
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Term
| How did movies lead to a common culture. |
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Definition
| It was affordable and it entertained Americans. |
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Term
| How did the automobile change America? |
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Definition
| It provided easy and affordable transportation. |
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Term
| How did electricity change America. |
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Definition
| It lit up cities and provided new jobs. |
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Term
| What is the Federal Reserve and way was it created? |
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Definition
| It was to regulate the money in the United States. |
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Term
| What part of America was starting to hurt in the 1920s |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the causes of the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Speculated investment, installment plans, and loans, buying on margin |
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Term
| Why did the Stock Market Crash? |
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Definition
| Everyone sold their stocks. |
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Term
| What are two things Hoover did to try and deal with the Depression. |
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Definition
| Built a damn (Hoover Dam) and rugged individualism. |
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Term
| What will FDR do to try and solve the Depression. |
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Definition
| Create job opportunities in the government. |
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Term
| What was the Dust Bowl and what did it lead to? |
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Definition
| Dust storms in the Mid-East. Lead to migratant workers in CA. |
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Term
| How did the Dust Bowl Affect CA. |
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Definition
| It was given migrant farmers and workers. |
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Term
| What was the Works Progress Adminstration? What did it acheive? |
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Definition
| It was an alphabet soup program and it acheived in giving many young jobless men, jobs. |
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Term
| What is Social Security? Who does it help? How is it differennt then the way things were done before? |
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Definition
| Social Security is set aside money for retirement. It helped the elderly and it changed America forever. |
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Term
| What did the Wagner Act do? What did it lead to? |
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Definition
| It allowed unions. It lead to the creation of Unions. |
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Term
| What was the Tennessee Valley Authority? What were its negatives? |
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Definition
| It was the "electrificiation of the Tennessee" to create jobs. But it destroyed farm lands. |
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Term
| What is the legacy of the New Deal boths positives and negatives? |
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Definition
| It lead to reforms positively and negatively. |
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Term
| What was the Lend-Lease Plan? |
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Definition
| It allowed America to help Great Britian and France during WWII |
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Term
| What were US/Japanese realtions like before the bombing on Pearl Harbor. |
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Definition
| It was shakey. The Japanese continiously gave signs of war. |
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Term
| When did Pearl Harbor occur? What were the results of the attack? |
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Definition
| December 7, 1941 It caused the US to enter the WWII. |
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Term
| Describe the US/Allied Strategy of WWII. |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the Japanese goals at the battle of Midway? What were its results? |
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Definition
| An organized strike but the US countered and "gave revange for Pearl Harbor." |
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Term
| Desrcribe the battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. |
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Definition
| Island hopping strategy and positioned the US to bomb and attack Japan. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the invasion of Normandy (D-Day)? When was it? |
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Definition
| To open a third front and to relieve stress in Russian Borders. June 6, 1944 |
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Term
| What was the Battle of the Bulge? What were its results? |
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Definition
| Last offensive strike of Germany. |
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Term
| What is unique about the Tuskegee airmen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is unique about the 442nd Regimental Combat team. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the contribution of the Navajo Code Talkers to WWII. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were WAAC's and WAVES |
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Definition
| Women in the military. Suppor type jobs. |
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Term
| What was the role of women in military productions during WWII. Who was Rosie the Riveter. |
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Definition
| Women produced all the goods and Rosie was an icon. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Four Freedoms Speach? What are the four Freedoms. |
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Definition
| It gave the reasons to enter the war which were...speach, religion, government, and liberty |
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Term
| How did the US government treat Jap-Americans during WWII. |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the US Supreme Court decide Korematsu vs US. |
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Definition
| Its ok to send a race to camps. |
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Term
| What was the Manhattan Project? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was J Robert Oppenheimer |
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Definition
| The lead scientest for the atomic bomb |
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Term
| Why did President Truman decide to use the atomic bomb. |
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Definition
| To save American lives and end the war as soon as possible. |
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Term
| What were the two cities that were bombed with atomic weapons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan? |
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Definition
| To pay and support war torn countries in Europe. |
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Term
| How did the Marshall plan affect the US. |
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Definition
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Term
| Wat is NATO? What is its role in containment. |
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Definition
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Stated if anyone is attacked they will all retaliate. |
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Term
| What was the Truman Doctrine? |
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Definition
| Stated US plans for containment. |
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Term
| What was the Berlin Blockade? Berlin Airlift? |
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Definition
| Russia's decision to keep its territory in Germany. Berlin Airlift was the suppling of Berlin residents. |
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Term
| What caused the Korean War? When was it? |
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Definition
| Russia's involvement and 1951 |
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Term
| What was Plessy vs Ferguson? What did the Supreme court rule? |
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Definition
| It was the ruling for segregation. They ruled it unconsitutional. |
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Term
| What was Brown vs Board of Education. What did the Supreme court rule? |
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Definition
| Evolution in the classroom. They ruled for seperation of church. |
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Term
| Who was Rosa Parks and waht is she famous for? |
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Definition
| She was a woman who remained seated in a white bus. It lead to reforms |
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