The resistance that the left side of the heart must overcome to eject blood is called ___________

What % of blood makes up Atrial Kick?

when the semilunar valves are actively

opening & closing

Volume arriving to the right side of the heart is known as _______

1. BP (#1 cause)

2. Plaque

3. Flap closure issues

Hardening of the valves is known as:

A condition caused by loose heart valves is known as

Further Stretch = Bigger Stroke

What process causes the S1 sound?

What process causes the S2 sound?

Blood carried into the lungs is OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED?

Hypervolemia causes an (INCREASE/DECREASE)

in preload? 

CHF

(congestive heart failure)

MI

(myocardial infarction)

Cardiac Output always has to stay consistent.   Therefore, if the HR (heartrate) goes up, what happens to SV (stoke volume)?

goes down!

(inverse is true too:  low HR means high SV)

Lets talk heart rates:  

I'll give you a range, you tell me what controls it....

60-100 bpm

This is a normal heart rate and controlled by the

SA NODE!

Lets talk heart rates:  

I'll give you a range, you tell me what controls it....

40-60 bpm

Lets talk heart rates:  

I'll give you a range, you tell me what controls it....

20-40 bpm

This is also bradycardia and controlled by the

Purkinje Fibers

Lets talk heart rates:  

I'll give you a range, you tell me what controls it....

below <20 bpm

This too is bradycardia and controlled by the

Agonal

Atherosclerosis

(plaque inside the artery)

When plaque hardening inside the artery causes narrowing, the condition is called _________

Arteriolsclerosis

(usually happens when we age)

MI

(myocardial infarction)

Narrowing vessels can cause _______ in blood pressure?

That little bony bump on the center of your sternum, marking the horizonal of your 2nd intercostal spaces (where you S1 and S2 are)

  is called __________

Angle of Louie

APE-TO-MAN

refers to:

Apical

Pulmonic

Erbs point

Tricuspid

Mitral

HIGH Pallor = _____ Cardiac Output                               & Vasoconstriction

LOW

T/F

High BP can cause pain and anxiety?

T/F

Low BP can cause MI injury

What divides the Left and Right Venticle?

They identify separate wave forms on an ECG

P = firing of the SA node

QRS = depolarization from the AV node

T = Repolarization of the ventricles

U = Repolarization of teh Purkinje Fibers

(U can mean also hypokalemia)

LETS TALK ECGs!!!

The P wave indicates?

The PR interval indicates a delay thru the AV node where the ATRIA has time to contract and empty blood into the ventricles. 

So what then does the QRS wave indicate? 

Indicated conduction thu the ventricles. 

(when that electrical signal runs down the bundle branches and purkinje fibers)

______________ is damaged heart muscle due to inadequate blood supply

stretch of cardiac muscle fibers when filling (volume); focuses on the filling of the heart; volume of blood returning to the heart

is called ____________

forces the heart must overcome to eject the blood (resistance); focuses on the ejection of the blood; heart must contract harder against pressures i.e., aortic compliance, vascular pressure, blood mass, viscosity, pulmonary stenosis)

This is called

Afterload

Normal heart rate is 60-100 bpm controlled by which node?

20-40 bpm is controlled by the ________

Depolarization of the ventricles is the

QRS complex

T Wave

U Wave

The average amount of blood in L/Min

for an adult at rest is:

Cardiac Reserve

(fact:  the cardiac output increases 3-4 times greater than normal to meet demand)

Cardiac Output (CO)

 x

Systemic Vascular Resistane (SVR)

=

?

Usually 1/3 of SBP i.e., 120 - 80 = 40

This is known as _____  _____

4 Defects: Stenosis (narrowing of pulmonary artery), Enlargment of Rt. Ventricle, Aorta receives blood from BOTH Ventricles, and Ventricular Septal Defect.....

ALL FOUR are called ______________

"Right ventricle enlarges as it works harder to pump the blood through the narrowed/stenosed pulmonary artery"

This statement sums up the 4 defects... called also

Key S&S of Tetralogy of Fallot:

Cyanosis, CLUB fingers, High RBCs, and Failure to?

The clinical term for "changes in chest landmarks".... think falling elderly skin

Kyphosis

(the ky is falling)

In the elderly, there are fewer beta-receptors... which makes elderly less sensitive to what meds?

There is a wider range btwn Systolic and Diastolic

(wider pulse pressure)