Term
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Definition
| plants are photoautotrophs, means they use energy of sunlight to make organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide |
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Term
| What is the equation that summarizes photosynthesis |
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Definition
6CO2 +12H2O+Light energy→C6H12O6 +6O2 +6H2O
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Term
| Chloroplasts split water into: |
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Definition
Hydrogen and oxygen, incorporating the electrons of hydrogen into sugar molecules
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Term
| Chloroplasts are a member of the family of organelles called ____. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| light-absorbing pigment that plays a central part in photosynthesis |
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Term
| Chloroplasts have 3 membrane systems: |
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Definition
inner membrane
outer membrane
thylakoids (internal) - that are stacked into grana
The stroma is the space between thylakoids and the inner membrane |
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Term
| Chloroplasts can be compared to which organelle in animal cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| The light reactions. What's their deal and where do they occur? |
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Definition
occur in the grana (stacks of thylakoids)
split water, release O2, produce ATP and NADPH |
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Term
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Definition
occurs in stroma
forms sugar from CO2, using ATP as energy and NADPH for reducing power |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The light that drives photosynthesis.... is it visible to us or not? |
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Definition
| yes! it includes wavelengths of light that we can see |
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Term
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Definition
| substances that absorb visible light |
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Term
| what is a light harvesting complex? |
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Definition
a photosystem, which is found in the thylakoid membrane is composed of a reaction center surrounded by a number of light-harvesting complexes
they are pigment molecules bound to proteins |
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Term
| What happens when a reaction-center chlorophyll molecule absorbs energy? |
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Definition
| One of its electrons gets bumped up to a primary electron acceptor, aka it donates a high-energy electron to the electron-transport chain |
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Term
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Definition
a large multiprotein complex containing chlorophyll that captures light energy
the thylakoid membrane has two types... I and II |
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Term
| The electron transport chain in mitochondria vs. in chloroplasts. |
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Definition
| in mitochondria its sole function is to generate ATP. In chloroplasts it also produces the active carrier NADPH. NADPH is needed for reducing power when building molecules from NADPH |
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Term
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Definition
occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria, but uses different energy sources to do so
chemiosmosis is a mechanism in which a gradient of hydrogen ions across a membrane is used to drive an energy-requiring process, such as ATP production or the transport of a molecule across a membrane |
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Term
| What energy source do mitochondria and Chloroplasts use for chemiosmosis? |
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Definition
mitochondria use electrons from organic molecules
chloroplasts use light energy to excite electrons |
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Term
| The Calvin Cycle uses ___ and ____ to convert ___ into sugar. |
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Definition
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