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11.1-11.2
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18
Biology
11th Grade
01/06/2012

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Term
fertilization
Definition
process in sexual production in which male and female productive cells join to form a new cell
Term
genetics
Definition
scientific study of heredity
Term
true-breeding
Definition
term used to describe organisms that produce off-spring identical to themselves if allowed to self-polinate
Term
trait
Definition
specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
Term
hybrid
Definition
offspring of crosses between parents of different traits
Term
genes
Definition
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
Term
allele
Definition
one of a number of different forms of a gene
Term
segregation
Definition
separation of alleles during gamete formation
Term
gamete
Definition
specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
Term
principle of dominance
Definition
some alleles are dominant and others are recessive
Term
What happens during segregation?
Definition
Each F1 plant flowers and produces gametes, teh two alleles segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy of each gene
Term
principles of probability
Definition
can be used to predict the outcome of genetic crosses
Term
punnett squares
Definition
used to predict and compare the genetic variations that will result from a cross
Term
probability
Definition
likelihood that a particular event may occure
Term
homozygous
Definition
a term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait
Term
heterozygous
Definition
term use to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait
Term
phenotype
Definition
physical characteristics of an organism
Term
genotype
Definition
genetic make up of an organism
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