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| part of earth that contains all life |
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| a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
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| a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area |
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| an assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area |
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| study of interactions when organisms interact |
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| all the organisms that live in a place, together with their physical environment |
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| a group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms |
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| any living part of the environment with which an organisms might interact |
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| any nonliving part of the environment |
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| bacteria that can capture energy from sunlight and convert it into living cells |
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| first producers of energy rich compounds that are later used by other organisms |
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| captures light and converts it into a powerful substance |
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| a process that chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates |
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| when you cant directly harness energy from the environment |
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| organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients |
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| kill and eat other animals |
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| obtains energy by eating plants |
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| animals that consume dead animals |
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| feed by chemically breaking down organic matter |
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| series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
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| network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
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| small free-floating animals that form part of plankton |
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| each step in a food chain or food web |
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| illustration of the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain |
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| total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level |
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| process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another |
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| chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life |
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| process of converting nitrogen gas into nirtogen compounds that plants can absorb and use |
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| process by which bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas |
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| single essential nutrient that limits productivity in an ecosystem |
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| an animal who eats both plants and animals |
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