Term
| What is an accumulation of weather events in a specific area for a significant period of time? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are currents in the upper 1000 m, driven by wind that results from temperature contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are currents driven by density, in which more dense water sinks and where they circulate for 500 to 2000 years? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are currents driven by winds that flow away from the equator toward the poles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are currents driven by winds that flow away from the poles toward the equator? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are currents that flow in the opposite direction of wind currents and fill in the gaps? |
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Definition
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Term
These are the components of what:
Mean ascent, low surface pressure over warmest areas with deep convection T-Storms.
Subsidence, high surface pressure, in non convective areas with clear skies.
Equatorial trade winds go from high to low pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are warm poleward moving currents ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are cold cold currents, directed equatorward? |
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Definition
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Term
| What piles water westward and create the Equatorial Countercurrent? |
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Definition
| North/ South Equatorial Currents |
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Term
These are the three effects of what?:
E-W tilt of thermocline & upwelling of cold water are reduced.
SST rises in central/eastern equatorial Pacific
Changes Walker Circulation |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the transition layer between the mixed layer at the surface and the deep water layer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What defines ocean layers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ocean layer is near the surface where the temperature is roughly that of surface water? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which two ocean layers are relatively uniform in temperature? |
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Definition
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Term
Under what circumstances due to the following situations occur:
Cooler, nutrient rich water moves upward from below along the South American coast. |
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Definition
| Thermocline and wind patterns during the normal Walker Circulation. |
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Term
Under what circumstances due to the following situations occur:
Cooler, nutrient rich water does not “upwell” to the ocean surface.
Warm surface water piles up along the South American Coast. |
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Definition
| Thermocline and wind patterns during the normal El Nino – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions. |
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Term
| What is the effect of La Nina? |
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Definition
| It is an enhancement of the normal Walker Circulation that causes monsoons. |
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Term
| El Nino and Southern Oscillation = what? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the atmospheric component of El Nino?
What is the oscillation in surface air pressure between the tropical eastern and the western Pacific Ocean waters? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes El Nino conditions? |
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Definition
| Weakening of the trade winds |
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Term
| What causes La Nina Conditions? |
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Definition
| Enhancement of the trade winds |
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Term
Which has lower pressure over Tahiti and high pressure in Darwin?
El Nino or La Nina |
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Definition
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Term
Which has higher pressure over Tahiti and lower pressure in Darwin?
El Nino or La Nina |
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Definition
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Term
| How Often Do El Ninos occur? |
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Definition
| Every 3 to 7 years around Christmas. |
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Term
| Everytime you have a big El Nino what happens? |
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Definition
| The warm and cold ranges increase. |
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Term
| The longer the arrow on an El Nino diagram the stronger the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are there fewer hurricanes in the Atlantic Basin during El Nino? |
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Definition
| Stronger vertical wind shear and greater atmospheric stability. |
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Term
| Why are there more hurricanes in the Atlantic Basin during La Nina? |
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Definition
| Weaker vertical wind shear and less atmospheric stability. |
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