Term
| List the basic components of an ecosystem |
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Definition
Sunlight
Temperature
Salinity
Characteristic Species
Subjective Boundaries |
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Term
| What is the flow of energy through an ecosystem? |
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Definition
| Sun > Producers > Consumers > Decomposers |
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Term
| How does energy move through Trophic Levels? |
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Definition
| Each lower trophic level only receives 10% of the energy, from the tropic level above it, causing each lower trophic level to become increasingly smaller. |
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Term
| Describe the Carbon Cycle |
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Definition
| Producers consume it for photosynthesis from the Soil > Consumers > Decomposers > Death > Returns to Soil |
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Term
| Describe the Nitrogen Cycle |
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Definition
| Fixed by organisms > assimilated by organisms > ammonium is released from decomposition of dead organisms or waste > dentrification returns it to the atmosphere. |
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Term
| What drives Global Climate Patterns? |
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Definition
Unequal heating of the Earth
Atmospheric convection currents
Rotation of Earth
Seasons
Ocean Currents |
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Term
| What is the driver of atmospheric convection currents? |
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Definition
| The unequal heating of the Earth. |
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Term
| What further drives weather patterns on Earth? |
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Definition
| Global wind patterns and the seasons |
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Term
| What in combination distribute heat and precipitation around the globe? |
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Definition
| Prevailing winds and ocean currents |
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Term
| What distinguishes terrestrial biomes? |
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Definition
| Particular combination of average annual temperature and annual precipitation and by plant growth forms that are adapted to these conditions. |
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Term
| List the groups Terrestrial Biomes can fall into |
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Definition
Polar Regions
Mid Latitude Regions
Tropical Regions |
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Term
| What is the annual temperature in Polar Regions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the annual temperature in Mid Latitude Regions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the annual temperature in Tropical Regions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are aquatic biomes categorized by? |
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Definition
Physical characteristics
Salinity
Depth
Water Flow |
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Term
| What are the four types of aquatic biomes? |
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Definition
Freshwater
Marine
Shallow Ocean
Open Ocean |
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Term
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Definition
| Upper layer of water that receives enough sunlight to allow photosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer of water lacks sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Phenomenon in which algae inside the corals die. |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrow band of coastline that exists between the levels of high tide and low tide. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tiny animals that secrete a layer of limestone to form an external exoskeleton, found in warm, shallow waters beyond the shoreline. |
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Term
| What is Earth's Most Diverse Marine Biome? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Found along the coast in temperate climates, contain nonwoody emergent vegetation. |
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Term
| What is one of the most productive biomes in the world? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Areas where the fresh water of rivers mixes with salt water from the ocean. |
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Term
| Where can many salt marshes be found and where two-thirds of marine fish and shellfish spend their larval stages? |
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Definition
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Term
| The abundance of plant life in salt marshes helps to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Salt Marshes provide an important habitat for what? |
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Definition
| Spawning fish and shellfish |
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Term
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Definition
| Occur along tropical and subtropical coasts, their trees are salt resistant and help protect coastlines from erosion and storm damage. |
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Term
| Define Freshwater Wetlands |
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Definition
| Aquatic biomes that are submerged or saturated by water for at least part of each year, but shallow enough to support emergent vegetation throughout. |
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Term
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Definition
| Region of water of deep lakes below the limnetic zone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Floating algae , which are the only photosynthetic organisms that survive in limnetic zones. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Shallow area of soil and water near the shore where algae and emergent plants such as cattails grow. |
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Term
| Define Subtropical Deserts |
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Definition
| Also known as hot desserts, hot temperatures, extremely dry conditions and sparse vegetation prevail here. |
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Term
| List characteristics of Tropical Seasonal Forests and Savannas |
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Definition
| Warm temperatures, distinct wet and dry seasons. |
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Term
| List characteristics of Tropical Rainforests |
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Definition
| Lie 20 degrees north and south of the equator, warm and wet, with little temperature variation and frequent precipitation. |
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Term
| What has the lowest average annual precipitation of any temperate biome? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for a Temperate Grassland? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define Cellular Respiration |
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Definition
| Process unlocks the chemical energy stored in cells of organisms. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Define Secondary Consumer |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Carnivores who consumer carnivores |
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Term
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Definition
| Successive levels of organisms consuming one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sequence of consumption from producers through teriary consumers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Realistic models that take into account the complexity of nature, and they illustrate that all species in an ecosystem are connected to one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms that break down dead tissues and wastes back into smaller particles to be processed by decomposers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carnivores that consume dead animals. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of decomposers, scavengers and detrivores? |
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Definition
| To recycle organic matter and energy. |
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Term
| Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) |
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Definition
| Total amount of solar energy that the producers in an ecosystem capture via photosynthesis over a given amount of time. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do you calculate NPP? |
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Definition
| Gross Primary Productivity - Respiration by Producers |
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Term
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Definition
| Total mass of all living matter in a specific area. |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of biomass present in an ecosystem at a particular time. |
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Term
| Define Ecological Efficiency |
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Definition
| Proportion of consumed energy that can be passed from one trophic level to another. |
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Term
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Definition
| The distribution of biomass among trophic levels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of all ecosystems on Earth, the region of the planet where life resides. |
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Term
| Define Biogeochemical Cycles |
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Definition
| Movements of matter within and between ecosystems involve biological, geological and chemical processes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of water through the biosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| When plants release water into the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis. |
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Term
| Define Evapotranspiration |
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Definition
| Combined amount of water from evaporation and transpiration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Water across the land surface into other bodies of water. |
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Term
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Definition
| Components that contain matter in a cycle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Processes that move matter between pools. |
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Term
| List the four compartments the world can be divided into |
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Definition
Soil and Rock
Water
Atmosphere
Living Things |
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Term
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Definition
| All of the land in a given landscape that drains into a particular stream, river, lake or wetland. |
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Term
| Define Restoration Ecology |
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Definition
| Scientific discipline that is focused on restoring damaged ecosystems. |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which an ecosystem returns to normal after a disturbance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure of the effect of a disturbance on an ecosystem. |
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Term
| Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Ecosystems experiencing intermediate levels of disturbance are more diverse than those with high or low levels of disturbance. |
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