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| effort to drive minorities from a region |
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| US policy before WWII- stay out of conflicts |
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| proposal submitted to the UN |
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| organization dedicated to children's health |
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| excluded from the league of nations |
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| international criminal court |
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| charges suspects with crimes against humanity |
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| united states, britain, china, russia, france (not charter member) |
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| all 192 nations in the UN may vote in |
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| helped to create the league of nations |
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| US president responsible for promoting the UN |
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| non proliferary treaty, meant to keep WMD from states |
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| event that compelled Us to join the UN |
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| temporary UN custody of a country |
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| North Atlantic Treaty Organization, military alliance that rescued Bosnians from Sebs |
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| UN safe haven that fell to Serbian troops |
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| a group of people who live within a geographic boundary and share a similar heritage, religion, and identity |
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| a system of government that rules over a geographical area |
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| united states, britain, china, russia |
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| sovereignty, self-determination, and territorial integrity |
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| protection under UN charter that means that a state may make decisions within its own borders |
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| protection under the UN charter, the ability of a people to decide the form of government(democracy, dictatorship) they would like to be ruled under |
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| protection under the UN charter, respect which countries have for other countries borders. meaning that a bordering country won't break the border of another country |
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| example of a nation building mission on an Asian island where peace enforcement worked very well |
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| example of a UN peace keeping mission failing |
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| has weapons, but can't use them until shot at; no military force initially |
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| uses military enforcement where necessary, don't need to be shot at first (doesn't want to use, contradicting PEACE with military) |
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| written agreement between countries, sanction is punishment |
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| non-government organization: UNICEF, church groups, Red Cross |
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| food, water, clothing, medicine |
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| fair, discussion of resolution |
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| speech, religion, press, assembly, marriage |
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positive= approval
negative= cut off trade and outside interaction with outside countries |
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-created to stop world wars
-stop violence between countries
-countries weren't motivated to join because US wasn't in war to contribute
-no secret agreements (Britain and France)
failed because:
-didn't have control of countries
-lacked major countries (Germany, US, Russia)
-countries would have to support invaded countries
-most countries rebuilding; collective security
-WWII exposed that League wasn't working to stop violence and wars
-didn't protect sovereignty and territorial integrity |
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| prime minister of the Congo, helped use wealth to build hospitals and schools. seeks help of Soviet Union and becomes enemies with US. assassinated by US CIA. |
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| president of the Congo, different views than Lumumba; wants to leave provinces have their own wealth and both him and Lumumba could be rich |
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-free state of the Congo was in private property of the Congo Society; property of King Leopold II
-free trade throughout the Congo basin
-international prohibition of slave trade
consequences
-scramble for africa |
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| sponsored by Leopold, aggressively competed with a french explorer to place claim on the Congo region, opened lower Congo to commerce |
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| king of Belgium, owned property of Congo free state. was ruthless in his greed for resources(rubber) |
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| made up of officers form Europe and soldiers from the Congo and other African states. largest military force in Africa |
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| george washington williams |
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| African-American, first supported Free State and within days criticizer. first to have the courage to speak out against the violence and abuse. sent letters to countries urging action. leopold could lose everything. williams died of "medical complications" in england before actions could occur |
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| realized slave trade from Congo by Belgium while working at Liverpool Shipping Company, tried stopping slave trade in local -towns (put career and life on the line to defy the king of Belgium. went to president roosevelt and booker t. washington (both said it was an injustice) |
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| leader of the Katanga province that lead the secession from the rest of the Congo |
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| natural mineral rich province (massive supplies of copper) |
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| started as general, but gained advantage and seized control of the country and created a new Congolese government. he authenticited the country and renamed it Zaire. he exploited th aid and resources in order to increase his own personal wealth, ignored parts of the country and deaths were mainly caused by malnutrition. after mobutu died the country's name was restored to Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). |
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| the father of the Price family, reverend who believes he can save all of Africa. obsessed with baptism and is arrogant, stubborn, and sexist throughout the book. does not have an impact on the Kilanga village and fails at conveying the christian message. does not respect women and their opinions, and ends up being left behind by the rest of his family. he dies in a burning tower at the hands of the Africans. only member of the price family that was not mentally changed through experiences. reprsents western civilizations, think that can come in and automatically mold the africans but they can't. |
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| oldest sister, materialistic, self-absorbed. although accepts some responsibility while her mom is in stupor, she always carries her mirror. mirror= symbol of her selfishness. she leaves her family with axelroot who first offers her the addiction of cigarettes, and takes her to south africa. she is not changed by her congo experience and continues to live like a teenager the rest of her life due to her personality and addictions. |
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| one thing that nathan cannot control, dependent on family, free, but still constrained. still gets food from family and lives in latrine (small cage- big cage). represents the congolese because they were surpressed by the belgians but once free they still were constrained by lack of government and education, ect. methuselah dies at same time as lumumba. |
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| nathan's obsession, the thing that would save all the africans, purification and cleansing. nathan isn't willing to bargain it being in the river verse somewhere else. shows lack of negotiation and communication between nathan and the africans. |
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the mistake and arrogance of nathan
"jesus if bangala"= jesus is poisonwood |
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| western's attempt to adapt and cultivate africa= belgians. nathan's stubbornness and doesn't want advice from africans. failure (foreshadowing for the outcome of their religious mission) |
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| forest rat, what mama tataba calls the price family |
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| aficans rebellion, cleansing |
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| doesn't limp anymore (liberated from congo) and this shows new confidence gained, made many medical advances, shares her smartness. used to be the abnormal family member, could read backwards and kept only to herself. used to physically most similar to the africans (had a defect). after congo, adah tries to show mother that she was the right child to chose to save. |
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| used to worship nathan, and try to impress him. time in congo drove leah to become her own person. ironically became the boy that she wanted to be for her father (he wanted a son) by becoming the man in the family. hunter and is respected by the majority of the Kilanga village. she names her children after people who have died= still effected by the death of Ruth May. |
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| the congo distanced her and nathan. she was suppressed by him and the outlet for his anger. never respected and put down (woman). their marriage crumbled, and she stayed with him even after given the opportunity to leave sooner. ruth may's death sent orleanna into deep depression and grief and she participated in civil rights marches. |
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| innocence of the congo, deaths chained down the congolese people/ the price family |
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| argument in the village (only half are satisfied while usually there needs to be a unanymous vote). gave into western ways and therefore have to suffer by being totally divided and start to become greedy and western like in manners as a punishment for falling for western ways. |
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| congo, good verse evil= forces within congo. good- adah, ruth may, leah, orleanna; bad- nathan, rachel, eben, kuvudundu |
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| ruth may's affect on the children with innocence |
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| nathan lives in guilt of not dying with his fellow troops because he was wounded |
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| takes part in the assassanation of lumumba, marries rachel and rescues her from the congo to south africa. was a pig and an animal |
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| force of colonization (god's will- africa= polytheistic, save africa), a bonding force, a safety blanket, good morals |
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| spiritual leader in kilanga, "snake", moves away from tradition when he is the tradition, loses power |
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| separates the village in voting for leah, people in the village start to be affected by greed. the village is experiencing western mannerisms |
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| nathan insulting congolese women into shame |
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| compromise, was able to stop woman beatings in the village. was able to adapt to african culture and society and was respected by african people. he even married an african woman and now gives aid and food out to the africans throughout the congo. |
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| hamm doesn't help out his father (noah) and goes to the land of canaan. becomes blackened and enslaved to his brothers. one of the justifications for slave trade because it was in the bible |
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| cross between zebra and donkey, europeans desire to kill africans. price family is stuck between African and American. |
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| the cat that killed methuselah, CIA killed Lumumba |
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| leaves nathan, he was verbally abusive, she lived in guilt and grief of Ruth May's death (if she had left the Congo sooner when she had the opportunity) |
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| confidence, no limp, shared her knowledge with others, liberated her, her mom chose the right child to save and tried to show it to her mom |
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| stayed the same, arrogant, gold digger, addict to cigarettes and alcohol, married 3 times, but regrets not going to US and wanted a new start |
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| branched off from nathan, more of a woman than the tomboy she started out as. married anatole. mind of her own (stronger) |
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| no transformation, still arrogant and stubborn. |
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