Term
| Four causes of microcytic anemia: |
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Definition
TICS
-Thalassemia
-Iron deficiency
-Chronic disease (can also be normocytic)
-Sideraoblastic Anemia / Lead poisoning |
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Term
| An elderly man with hypochromic, microcytic anemia is asymptomatic. Diagnostic tests? |
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Definition
| FOBT and sigmoidoscopy--suspect colorectal cancer |
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Term
| Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in patients with G6PD deficiency |
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Definition
-Sulfonamides
-Antimalarial drugs (primarqiune, chloroquine)
-Daapsone
-INH
-Fava Beans |
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Term
The is the MC?
-Inherited cause of hypercoagulability?
-Inherited bleeding disorder?
-Inherited hemolytic anemia? |
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Definition
-Hypercoagulability: Factor V Leiden Mutation
-Bleeding disorder: vWD
-Hereditary spherocytosis |
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Term
| Diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Anemia associated with:
-Absent radii and thumbs
-Diffuse hyperpigmentation
-Cafe au lait spots
-Microcephaly
-Pancytopenia |
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Definition
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Term
| Medications and viruses that lead to aplastic anemia |
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Definition
-Chloramphenicol
-Sulfonamides
-Chemo / Radiation
-HIV
-EBV
-Hepatitis
-Parvo B19 |
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Term
| How to distinguish polycythemia vera from secondary polycythemia |
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Definition
-Both have increased hematocrit and RBC mass.
Polycythemia vera should have normal O2 sat and low EPO levels. |
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Term
| Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) pentad? |
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Definition
FAT RN
-Fever
-Anemia (hemolytic)
-Thrombocytopenia
-Renal dysfunction
-Neurological abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
Hemolytic Anemia (H)
Renal dysfunction - uremia (U)
Thrombocytopenia |
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Term
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Definition
Emergent large-volume plasmapheresis.
Corticosteroids
Anti-PLT drugs
NO PLT Transfusion! |
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Term
| Treatment for Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) in children? |
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Definition
-Usually resolves spontaneously.
-May require IVIG and/or steroids. |
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Term
Which of the following are increased in DIC:
-Fibrin split products?
-D-Dimer?
-Fibrinogen?
-PLTs?
-Hematocrit? |
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Definition
Elevated:
-Fibrin split products
-D-Dimer
Decreased:
-PLTs
-Fibrinogen
-Hematocrit |
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Term
An 8yo boy presents with hemarthrosis and increased PTT with normal PT and bleeding time.
-Dx?
-Tx? |
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Definition
Dx: Hemophilia A (Factor 8) or B (Factor 9)
Tx:
-Hemophilia A: Desmopressin (DDAVP) or Factor 8 supplements
-Hemophilia B: Factor 9 supplements |
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Term
A 14yo girl presents with prolonged bleeding after dental surgery and with menses. Normal PT, normal or increased PTT and increased bleeding time.
Dx?
Tx? |
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Definition
Dx: vWD
Tx: Desmopressin, FFP or Cryoprecipitate |
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Term
| A 60yo African American man presents with bone pain. What might a workup for multiple myeloma reveal? |
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Definition
-Monoclonal Gammopathy
-Bence jones proteinuria
-Punched out lytic lesions on X-rays of skull and long bones. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
A 10yo boy presents with fever, weight loss and night sweats. Examination shows an anterior mediastinal mass.
-Suspected diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Microcytic anemia with low serum iron, low TIBC and normal/increased ferritin. |
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Definition
| Anemia of Chronic Disease |
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Term
| Microcytic anemia with low serum iron, low ferritin and high TIBC. |
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Definition
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Term
| An 80yo man presents with fatigue, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and isolated lymphocytosis. What is the suspected diagnosis? |
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Definition
| Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) |
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Term
| The lymphoma equivalent of CLL. |
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Definition
| Small lymphocytic lymphoma |
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Term
| A late, life-threatening complication of CML. |
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Definition
Blast crisis
-Fever
-Bone pain
-Splenomegaly
-Pancytopenia |
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Term
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Definition
AML
-M3 type (Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia) |
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Term
| AML subtype associated with DIC? Treatment? |
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Definition
Dx: M3 (APL)
Tx: All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) |
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Term
| Leukemia associated with Down Syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| Electrolyte changes in Tumor Lysis Syndrome? |
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Definition
Low Ca2+
High K+
High Phos
High Uric Acid |
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Term
| A 50yo man presents with early satiety, splenomegaly and bleeding. Cytogenetics show t(9;22). Diagnosis? |
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Definition
CML
[Philadelphia chromosome BCR-ABL) |
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Term
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Definition
Intracellular inclusions seen in:
-Thalassemia
-G6PD deficiency
-Postsplenectomy |
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Term
| Virus associated with aplastic anemia in patients with sickle cell anemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 25yo African American man with sickle cell anemia has sudden onset of bone pain. management of pain crisis? |
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Definition
O2
Analgesia
Hydration
Transfusion if severe |
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Term
| A significant cause of morbidity in thalassemia patients. Treatment? |
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Definition
-Iron overload
-Tx: Deferoxamine |
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