Term
|
Definition
Mechanism: Release of Norepi from synaptic vesicle
Use: ADHD and Narcolepsy
Abuse and addiction: Schedule 2 (Ritalin and Adderall)
Dyskinesia, muscle tightness, bruxism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholinesterase Inhibitor
SLUD response
Alzheimers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Use: Alzheimer’s disease
Idea: Prolong acetylcholine half life in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parasympathetic antagonist
Antimuscarinic
Bronchodilation: Asthma and COPD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimuscarinic
Bronchodilation: prolonged T ½ used primarily in COPD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimuscarinic
Urinary: “antispasmodics” Contracts urinary sphincter muscles used in dysuria, urgency, incontinence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimuscarinic, parasympathetic antagonist
Urinary, antispasmotic M3 selective agent, less dry mouth and constipation |
|
|
Term
NSAID contraindications :
max dose: |
|
Definition
GI ulcers
renal insufficiency
CHF
dehydration
Max dosage 3.2g/day |
|
|
Term
| Acetaminophen contraindications/max dose |
|
Definition
liver disease hepatitis alcoholism
4g/day (2.6g/day for kids) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impaired pulmonary function
head injuries (CO2 retention results in cerebral vasodilation)
endocrine disease (prolonged and exaggerated responses to opiates)
hepatic function impairment
seizure disorder
pregnancy
history of drug abuse and/or alcoholism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inhibition of Ca channels
Indications:
Adjunct for treatment of partial seizures
management of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in adults
Neuropathic pain, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, fibromyalgia, postoperative pain, bipolar disorder, social phobia |
|
|
Term
| Pilocarpine contraindications |
|
Definition
asthma, cardiovascular disease, ulcer
use with caution with COPD, parkinsons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antagonist at β1 and α1 receptors |
|
|
Term
| NSAID contraindications/drug interactions |
|
Definition
GI ulcers, Coumadin, Singulair, Angiotensin receptor antagonists "tan" increase renal toxicity of NSAIDS,
Decrease anti-HTN effects of Spironolactone, Thiazides, ACE inhibitors "pril", loop diuretics, beta blockers
GI ulcers
renal insufficiency
CHF
dehydration
Max dosage 3.2g/day |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ulcer, any hypocoagulation state, gout, influenza in children, and asthma. |
|
|
Term
| Acetaminophen contraindications |
|
Definition
liver disease, hepatitis, and alcoholism.
4g/day max
2.6g/day for kids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impaired pulmonary function, head injuries, endocrine disease, hepatic function impairment, seizure disorders, pregnancy, and a history of drug abuse or alcoholism
any drugs that depress CNS function, such as, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines, should be used cautiously with opiates to avoid the heightened risk of CNS depression.
Thiazide increase risk of orthostatic hypeotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Angiotensin Receptor An"tan"gonist
Pharmacological Effects:
Inhibit vasoconstriction
Inhibit aldosterone secretion
Inhibit sodium retention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indications: Hypertension, Heart failure, MI
Pharmacological Effects:, Decrease concentrations of ATII,
(vasodilation), Increase bradykinin (a vasodilator),
Decrease aldosterone |
|
|
Term
| NSAIDs AND aspirin inhibit anti-HTN effects of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ACE inhibitor adverse effects |
|
Definition
Adverse Effects:
Altered or reduced taste sensation
Hypotension
Bradykinin by inhibiting its degradation-
(vasodilation and bronchoconstriction)
Cough in 20% of patients
Angioedema of the face and mouth (more common in African American patients) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indications: Heart Failure, Hypertension, MI, Prevention of stroke
Comparison to ACE Inhibitors
Less adverse rxns (cough and angioedema)
Less effective vasodilation |
|
|
Term
| Angiotensin receptor an"tan"gonist drug interactions |
|
Definition
Increase in anti-HTN effect with fluconazole and ketoconazole
Increase renal toxicity with NSAIDs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
α1 antagonist
α1 receptor blockade
smooth muscle relaxation
decrease in Total Peripheral Resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibit HMG CoA reductase which is in the pathway of the production of cholesterol. This is done in the liver. As the liver starts to reduce the amount of cholesterol that it makes, the body will increase its expression of LDL receptors to help clear the cholesterol from the blood. |
|
|
Term
| HMG CoA adverse effects and interactions |
|
Definition
Adverse Effects:
Rhabdomyolysis leading to kidney failure
Constipation, diarrhea, stomach pain, nausea
Drug Interactions:
EtOH increase levels and rhabdomyolysis
Erythromycin, itraconazole, ketoconazole
contraindicated with Mevacor (Lovastatin)
used with caution in others because of increase chance of rhabdomyolysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
Mechanism: Selectively inhibits cholesterol uptake through a brush border protein (NPC1L1)
PCOL Effects
↓cholesterol absorption by 50%
↓LDL concentration in the plasma
↓cholesterol content of chylomicrons
Side Effects: Abdominal pain, diarrhea
Contraindicated in hepatic impairment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sodium Channel inhibitor
adverse effects: Gingivitis, dysphagia, glossitis, gum hyperplasia, and xerostomia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sodium Channel inhibitor
Adverse effects: gingival hyperplasia (10-30 %, 50 % children), gingival bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methylphenidate (Ritalin) (Concerta) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mechanism: Release of Norepi from synaptic vesicle
Use: ADHD and Narcolepsy
Abuse and addiction: Schedule 2 (Ritalin and Adderall)
Dyskinesia, muscle tightness, bruxism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholinesterase Inhibitor
SLUD response
Alzheimers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Use: Alzheimer’s disease
Idea: Prolong acetylcholine half life in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parasympathetic antagonist
Antimuscarinic
Bronchodilation: Asthma and COPD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimuscarinic
Bronchodilation: prolonged T ½ used primarily in COPD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimuscarinic
Urinary: “antispasmodics” Contracts urinary sphincter muscles used in dysuria, urgency, incontinence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antimuscarinic, parasympathetic antagonist
Urinary, antispasmotic M3 selective agent, less dry mouth and constipation |
|
|
Term
NSAID contraindications :
max dose: |
|
Definition
GI ulcers
renal insufficiency
CHF
dehydration
Max dosage 3.2g/day |
|
|
Term
| Acetaminophen contraindications/max dose |
|
Definition
liver disease hepatitis alcoholism
4g/day (2.6g/day for kids) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impaired pulmonary function
head injuries (CO2 retention results in cerebral vasodilation)
endocrine disease (prolonged and exaggerated responses to opiates)
hepatic function impairment
seizure disorder
pregnancy
history of drug abuse and/or alcoholism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inhibition of Ca channels
Indications:
Adjunct for treatment of partial seizures
management of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in adults
Neuropathic pain, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, fibromyalgia, postoperative pain, bipolar disorder, social phobia |
|
|
Term
| Pilocarpine contraindications |
|
Definition
asthma, cardiovascular disease, ulcer
use with caution with COPD, parkinsons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antagonist at β1 and α1 receptors |
|
|
Term
| NSAID contraindications/drug interactions |
|
Definition
GI ulcers, Coumadin, Singulair, Angiotensin receptor antagonists "tan" increase renal toxicity of NSAIDS,
Decrease anti-HTN effects of Spironolactone, Thiazides, ACE inhibitors "pril", loop diuretics, beta blockers
GI ulcers
renal insufficiency
CHF
dehydration
Max dosage 3.2g/day |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ulcer, any hypocoagulation state, gout, influenza in children, and asthma. |
|
|
