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05. Installation and Configuration
CompTIA Network+ Installation and Configuration
123
Computer Networking
Professional
03/23/2012
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Term
A small office/home office (SOHO) router typically serves up to ___ users.
 Definition
10
Term
In a SOHO environment, the point of ___ is where the service provider stops being responsible for the line and it becomes the customer's responsibility.
 Definition
demarcation
Term
The typical sequence of lights on a cable modem is...
1 ___
2 ___
3 ___
4 ___
5 ___
 Definition
1 power
2 receive
3 send
4 online
5 activity
Term
Many SOHO routers close down the ____ ports by default.
 Definition
ICMP
Term
The function that provides communication pathways between two endpoints and manages how data flows between them is called ___.
 Definition
switching
Term
In ___ switching, messages are broken into smaller pieces called packets.
 Definition
packet
Term
True or False?
In packet switching, packets always use
the same path or route to get to their intended destination.
 Definition
False
Term
Used in packet switching, ___ routing enables better use of available bandwidth by letting packets travel different routes to avoid high-traffic areas.
 Definition
independent
Term
___ switching is the most popular switching method for networks and is used on most WANs.
 Definition
Packet
Term
In a packet-switching system, when packets are sent onto the network, the ___ device is responsible for choosing the best path for the packet.
 Definition
sending
Term
True or False?
In a packet-switching system, the receiving device can receive the packets in a random or nonsequential order.
 Definition
True
Term
Two types of packet-switching methods are used on networks: ___-___ packet switching and ___ packet switching.
 Definition
Virtual-circuit
Datagram
Term
With ___-___ packet switching, a logical connection is established between the source and the destination device.
 Definition
virtual-circuit
Term
With ___ packet switching, a logical connection is NOT established. Instead, the packets are sent independently, meaning that they can take different paths through the network to reach their intended destination.
 Definition
datagram
Term
___ packet switching ensures that packets take the easiest routes to their destination and avoid high-traffic areas.
 Definition
datagram
Term
___ packet switching is mainly used on the Internet.
 Definition
datagram
Term
In contrast to the packet-switching method, ___ switching requires a dedicated physical connection between the sending and receiving devices.
 Definition
circuit
Term
True or False?
Circuit switching is like a telephone call: When the transmission is complete, the channel is closed.
 Definition
True
Term
A consistent, reliable connection makes ___ switching well-suited for applications like PSTN and ISDN.
 Definition
circuit
Term
Because the physical connection is unavailable to any other sessions until the transmission completes, ___ switching can be fraught with long connection delays.
 Definition
circuit
Term
An alternative to slow modem WAN connections, __ __ __ __ enables the transmission of voice and data over the
same physical connection.
 Definition
Integrated Services Digital Network
(ISDN)
Term
True or False?
To access ISDN, a special phone line is required.
 Definition
True
Term
ISDN has two defined interface standards:
___ ___ interface and ___ ___ interface.
 Definition
Basic Rate Interface (BRI)
Primary Rate Interface (PRI)
Term
BRI ISDN uses three separate channels; two ___ channels of 64Kbps each and one ___ channel of 16Kbps.
 Definition
bearer (B)
delta (D)
Term
B channels can be divided into ___ D channels to enable a business to have eight simultaneous Internet connections.
 Definition
4
Term
B channels carry ___ and ___; D channels are used for ___.
 Definition
voice and data
signaling
Term
___ ___ interface ISDN channels can be used separately for 64Kbps transfer or combined to provide 128Kbps transfer rates.
 Definition
Basic Rate Interface (BRI)
Term
___ ___ interface ISDN generally is carried over a T1 line and can provide transmission rates of up to 1.544Mbps.
 Definition
Primary Rate Interface (PRI)
Term
PRI is composed of __ B channels, each providing 64Kbps for data/voice capacity, and __ 64kbps D channel, which is used for signaling.
 Definition
23
1
Term
___-___ lines are high-speed dedicated digital lines that can be leased from telephone companies to create an always-open, always-available line between two points.
 Definition
T-carrier
Term
T-carrier lines can support both voice and data transmissions and are often used to create ___-___-___ private networks.
 Definition
point-to-point
Term
T__ lines offer transmission speeds of 1.544Mbps and can create point-to- point dedicated digital communication paths.
 Definition
T1
Term
T1 lines are commonly used for connecting ___s.
 Definition
LANs
Term
In North America, ___ ___ notation is used with T-lines to describe the circuit.
 Definition
digital signal (DS)
Term
For all practical purposes, DS1 is synonymous with ___ and DS3 is synonymous with ___.
 Definition
T1
T3
Term
T__ lines offer transmission speeds of up to 274.176Mbps by using 4,032 64Kbps B channels.
 Definition
T4
Term
Because of the cost of a T-carrier solution, you can lease portions of a T-carrier (pay for service based on 64Kbps channels). This is known as ___ T.
 Definition
fractional
Term
T__ carriers provide transmission speeds up to 1.544Mbps
 Definition
T1
Term
T__ carriers provide transmission speeds up to 44.736Mbps
 Definition
T3
Term
T__ lines are dedicated circuits that provide high capacity and generally are used by large companies, ISPs, or long-distance companies.
 Definition
T3
Term
___ ___ Network is a fiber-optic WAN technology that delivers voice, data, and video at speeds starting at 51.84Mbps.
 Definition
Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)
Term
SONET created a new system that defined data rates in terms of ___ ___ levels.
 Definition
Optical Carrier (OCx)
Term
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) is the European counterpart to ___.
 Definition
Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)
Term
A ___ ___ network is one in which unpowered optical splitters are used to split the fiber so it can service a number of different locations
 Definition
passive optical network (PON)
Term
A passive optical network (PON) is passive because it provides no ___ to components.
 Definition
power
Term
A passive optical network (PON) uses an ___ ___ termination unit at the split and a number of ___ ___ units at the end of each run (typically near the end user).
 Definition
optical line termination (OLT)
optical network units (ONUs)
Term
When a passive optical network (PON) is combined with wavelength division multiplexing, it is known as
___-PON.
 Definition
WDM-PON
Term
Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is a form of multiplexing ___ signals
 Definition
optical
Term
The DWDM method can ___ the signal and enable it to travel a greater distance.
 Definition
amplify
Term
The main components of a ___ ___ ___ ___ system include Terminal multiplexer, Line repeaters and Terminal demultiplexer.
 Definition
Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)
Term
True or False?
DWDM works with SONET/SDH.
 Definition
True
Term
The ___ packet-switching technology was developed in the mid-1970s to transmit digital data over analog signals on copper lines.
 Definition
X.25
Term
On the upside, X.25 is a global standard that can be found all over the world. On the downside, its maximum transfer speed is __Kbps, which is slow today.
 Definition
56
Term
The device that makes it possible to use the X.25 service is called a packet ___/___, which is required at each end of the X.25 connection.
 Definition
packet assembler/disassembler (PAD)
Term
___ ___ transmits data packets in high-speed bursts over digital networks using a public data network service.
 Definition
Frame Relay
Term
Frame Relay is a WAN protocol that operates at the ___ and ___ ___ layers of the OSI model.
 Definition
physical
data link
Term
Frame Relay is a ___-switching technology that uses variable-length packets.
 Definition
packet
Term
Frame Relay is a streamlined version of ___ that uses smaller packet sizes and fewer error-checking mechanisms, so it has less overhead.
 Definition
X.25
Term
A Frame Relay connection is built by using ___ ___ circuits that establish end-to-end communication.
 Definition
permanent virtual circuits (PVCs)
Term
True or False?
Like X.25, Frame Relay is dependent on best-route methodology.
 Definition
False
Term
Frame Relay can be implemented on several ___ ___ ___ technologies, including 56Kbps, T1, T3, and ISDN lines.
 Definition
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Term
Devices in the Frame Relay WAN fall into two primary categories: Data ___ equipment and Data-___ ___ equipment.
 Definition
Data terminal equipment (DTE)
Data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE)
Term
Data terminal equipment (DTE) is the terminating equipment located within a company's ___. Termination equipment includes servers, routers, bridges, and switches.
 Definition
network
Term
Data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) is the equipment owned by the ___. It provides the switching services for the network and is responsible for actually transmitting the data through the WAN.
 Definition
carrier
Term
Frame Relay uses virtual circuits to create a ___ communication channel.
 Definition
bidirectional
Term
Two types of virtual circuits are used with Frame Relay: ___ virtual circuit and ___ virtual circuit.
 Definition
Permanent virtual circuit (PVC)
Switched virtual circuit (SVC)
Term
A permanent virtual circuit (PVC) is a permanent virtual link in a ___ ___ network which replaces a hard-wired dedicated end-to-end line.
 Definition
Frame Relay
Term
A switched virtual circuit (SVC) is a ___ virtual circuit established and maintained only for the duration of a data transfer session.
 Definition
temporary
Term
___ ___ Mode is a packet-switching technology with transfer speeds from 1.544Mbps to 622Mbps. It is well suited for data types such as voice and video.
 Definition
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Term
Using 53-byte fixed-length packets called  ___s, ATM can operate more efficiently than variable-length-packet packet-switching technologies such as Frame Relay.
 Definition
cells
Term
ATM still has a niche with some ISPs and is commonly used as a network ___.
 Definition
backbone
Term
Having a fixed-length packet allows ATM to be concerned only with the ___ information of each packet. It does not need to read every bit of a packet to determine its beginning and end.
 Definition
header
Term
With ATM, each cell has 48 bytes available for data, with ___ bytes reserved for the ATM header.
 Definition
5
Term
Like Frame Relay, ATM is a ___-based network technology that also uses PVCs and SVCs.
 Definition
circuit
Term
ATM is a circuit-based network technology because it uses a ___ circuit to connect two networked devices.
 Definition
virtual
Term
___ ___ Mode is compatible with the most widely used networking media types, including single-mode and multimode fiber, coaxial cable, unshielded twisted pair, and shielded twisted pair.
 Definition
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Term
___ ___ ___ is an Internet access method that uses a standard phone line to provide high-speed Internet access.
 Definition
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Term
With DSL, a different ___ can be used for digital and analog signals, which means that you can talk on the phone while you upload data.
 Definition
frequency
Term
There are two types of DSL service: ___ Digital Subscriber Line and ___-___ Digital Subscriber Line.
 Definition
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)
High-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)
Term
___ Digital Subscriber Line provides a high data rate in only one direction.
 Definition
Asymmetric
Term
ADSL enables fast ___ speeds but significantly slower ___ speeds.
 Definition
download
upload
Term
___ Digital Subscriber Line is designed to work with existing analog telephone service (POTS) service.
 Definition
Asymmetric
Term
___-___ Digital Subscriber Line can accommodate services like videoconferencing that require high data rates in both directions.
 Definition
High-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)
Term
A variant of HDSL is __HDSL, which provides an HDSL service at very high data transfer rates.
 Definition
Very High-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (VHDSL)
Term
The most common of the DSL varieties is ___.
 Definition
ADSL
Term
ADSL uses three channels on the line. One channel is used for ___, the second is used for ___, and the third is used for ___.
 Definition
plain old telephone service (POTS)
uploads
downloads
Term
With ADSL, ___s are faster than ___s, which is what makes it asymmetric.
 Definition
downloads
uploads
Term
___ DSL offers the same speeds for uploads and downloads, making it most suitable for business applications such as web hosting, intranets, and e-commerce.
 Definition
Symmetric DSL (SDSL)
Term
___ DSL is not widely used in the SOHO environment because it cannot share a phone line.
 Definition
Symmetric DSL (SDSL)
Term
___ DSL is an asymmetric type of DSL commonly used in environments in which SDSL and ADSL are unavailable.
 Definition
ISDN DSL (IDSL)
Term
___ DSL does not support analog phones.
 Definition
ISDN DSL (IDSL)
Term
___-___ DSL is a variation on ADSL that can modify its transmission speeds based on signal quality.
 Definition
Rate-Adaptive DSL (RADSL)
Term
___-___ DSL supports line sharing.
 Definition
Rate-Adaptive
Term
__ __ __ __ DSL is an asymmetric version of DSL that supports high-bandwidth applications such as VoIP and HDTV.
 Definition
Very High Bit Rate DSL (VHDSL or VDSL)
Term
Very High Bit Rate DSL (VHDSL or VDSL) DSL can achieve data rates up to __Mbps, making it the fastest available form of DSL.
 Definition
10
Term
To achieve high speeds, VHDSL uses ___-___ cabling.
 Definition
fiber-optic
Term
___ ___ ___ DSL is an asymmetric technology that offers identical transmission rates in both directions. but does not allow line sharing with analog phones.
 Definition
High Bit Rate DSL (HDSL)
Term
Businesses with high bandwidth needs are more likely to choose a ___ form of DSL.
 Definition
symmetric
Term
Budget-conscious environments such as home offices are likely to opt for a DSL option that enables ___ ___ sharing at the expense of bandwidth.
 Definition
phone line
Term
In a SOHO environment you should expect to work with a ___ DSL system.
 Definition
Asymmetric
Term
DSL using regular phone lines transfers data over the same copper wire. The data and voice signals are sent over different ___s, but sometimes the signals interfere with each other. This is why you use DSL filters.
 Definition
frequencies
Term
When troubleshooting a DSL problem, you should first check the ___ connections.
 Definition
physical
Term
A common problem with a DSL modem is a bad IP address, which you can check with the ___, ___ or ___ command.
 Definition
winipcfg
ipconfig
ifconfig
Term
When checking DSL LEDs, a ___ light should be on to indicate a physical connection, and a ___ LED indicates that the connection is active.
 Definition
link
flashing
Term
Both DSL and Cable Internet access provide ___-___ Internet access.
 Definition
always-on
Term
A cable modem has a ___ connection for connecting to the provider’s outlet and an ___ ___ ___ connection for connecting directly to a system or to a hub or switch.
 Definition
coaxial
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Term
A cable modem generally is equipped with a ___-___ ___ ___ port, so you can use a straight-through UTP cable to connect the modem to a system.
 Definition
medium-dependent interface crossed (MDI-X)
Term
The biggest disadvantage of cable access is having to share the available ___ with everyone else in the cable area.
 Definition
bandwidth
Term
The slowest but least expensive method of internet access is ___ service.
 Definition
POTS
Term
The __ __ __ __ is the entire collection of interconnected telephone wires throughout the world.
 Definition
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
Term
If money is a major concern, the ___ ___ ___ ___ is the method of choice for creating a WAN.
 Definition
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
Term
True or False?
The modern PSTN is largely digital
 Definition
True
Term
Transfer on the PSTN is limited to __Kbps with a modem and __Kbps with an ISDN connection.
 Definition
56
128
Term
Two types of broadband Internet satellite services are deployed: ___-___ and ___-___ systems.
 Definition
one-way
two-way
Term
A one-way satellite system requires a satellite card and a satellite dish installed at the end user’s site. The system works by sending outgoing requests on a ___ line, with inbound traffic returning on the ___ link.
 Definition
phone
satellite
Term
A ___-___ satellite system provides
data paths for both upstream and downstream data.
 Definition
two-way
Term
True or False?
Home satellite systems are symmetric
 Definition
False
Term
An additional consideration for satellite Internet is increased ___ time — the time it takes for the signal to travel back and forth from the satellite.
 Definition
propagation
Term
A ___ is a public wireless Internet access point provided by a Wireless Internet Service Provider (WISP).
 Definition
hotspot
Term
One technology that enables cellular internet access is ___ ___ ___, often called 4G because it is the fourth generation of products offering similar services.
 Definition
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
Term
___ ___ for ___ ___ is a cellular internet access technology based on 802.16.
 Definition
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax)
Term
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ is a 3G transitional technology that supports legacy architecture.
 Definition
Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+)
Term
HSPA+ is generally associated with ___ cellular networking and LTE/WiMax with __.
 Definition
3G
4G
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