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intermediate poetry terms
made for university level terms
23
English
Undergraduate 3
12/09/2009

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Term
Paralellism
Definition
Two or more line have a similar form to give a definate patter.
Term
Chiasmus
Definition
A verbal pattern (a type of antithesis) in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first with the parts reversed.

"Nice to see you, to see you, nice!"
(British TV entertainer Bruce Forsyth)


"You forget what you want to remember, and you remember what you want to forget."
(Cormac McCarthy, The Road, Knopf, 2006)


"I flee who chases me, and chase who flees me."
Term
Antimetabole
Definition
A verbal pattern in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the words in reverse grammatical order (A-B-C, C-B-A). "Hate destroys a man's sense of values and his objectivity. It causes him to describe the beautiful as ugly and the ugly as beautiful, and to confuse the true with the false and the false with the true."
(Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.)
Term
Epizeuxis
Definition
Repetition of a word or phrase for emphasis, usually with no words in between. "It was really, really, really... really cold."
Term
Anaphora (Rhetoric)
Definition
A rhetorical term for the repetition of a word or phrase at the start of successive clauses. "I want her to live. I want her to breathe. I want her to aerobicize."
(Weird Science, 1985)
Term
Epistrophe
Definition
The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences.
"If you dont have the money by noon, you will die. If you dont bring it to me yourself, you will die. If you dont say the right words, you will die... if you fail anything, you will die."
Term
Symploce
Definition
The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses; as, Justice came down from heaven to view the earth; Justice returned to heaven, and left the earth.
Term
Epanalepsis
Definition
Repetition at the end of a clause or sentence of the word or phrase with which it began.
"Always low prices... Always."
Term
Anadiplosis
Definition
Repetition of the last word of one line or clause to begin the next.
"Our doubt is our passion, and our passion is our task."
(Henry James)
Term
Polyptoton
Definition
Repetition of words derived from the same root but with different endings. "I heard the things that I was suppose to hear, but apparently they were hearing everything."
Term
Congeries
Definition
a collection of particles, parts, or things; a heap; a group of things heaped together.
"congeries of ballads; of furniture shops; of repugnant affections; of rocks; of dead and stupid matter; of towers, halls, churches, and chambers; of stars; of watery particles."
Term
Epanorthosis
Definition
the rephrasing of an immediately preceding word or statement for the purpose of intensification, emphasis, or justification, as in “Seems, madam! Nay, it is; I know not "seems.'”
Term
Periphrasis
Definition
In rhetoric, a roundabout description of something; wordiness.
Term
pleonasm
Definition
The use of words to emphasize what is clear without them.
Term
Polysyndeton
Definition
A sentence style that employs many conjunctions.
"Let the whitefolks have their money and power and segregation and sarcasm and big houses and schools and lawns like carpets, and books, and mostly--mostly--let them have their whiteness."
(Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, 1969)
Term
Asyndeton
Definition
A writing style that omits conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses.
"They dove, splashed, floated, splashed, swam, snorted."
Term
Hyperbaton/Anastrophe
Definition
A figure of speech that uses disruption or inversion of customary word order to produce a distinctive effect; also, a figure in which language takes a sudden turn--usually an interruption.
"Sorry I be but go you must."
(Yoda in Star Wars)
Term
Zeugma
Definition
Use of a word to modify or govern two or more words although its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one.
"You are free to execute your laws, and your citizens, as you see fit."
(Star Trek: The Next Generation)
Term
Apostrophe
Definition
A figure of speech in which some absent or nonexistent person or thing is addressed as if present and capable of understanding.
"Hello darkness, my old friend
I've come to talk with you again . . .."
(Paul Simon, "The Sounds of Silence")
Term
Apostrophe
Definition
A figure of speech in which some absent or nonexistent person or thing is addressed as if present and capable of understanding.
"Hello darkness, my old friend
I've come to talk with you again . . .."
(Paul Simon, "The Sounds of Silence")
Term
Apostrophe
Definition
A figure of speech in which some absent or nonexistent person or thing is addressed as if present and capable of understanding.
"Hello darkness, my old friend
I've come to talk with you again . . .."
(Paul Simon, "The Sounds of Silence")
Term
Aposiopesis
Definition
An unfinished thought or broken sentence.
"I won't sleep in the same bed with a woman who thinks I'm lazy! I'm going right downstairs, unfold the couch, unroll the sleeping ba--uh, goodnight."
(Homer Simpson in The Simpsons)
Term
Antanaclasis
Definition
One word used in two contrasting (and often comic) senses.
"If you aren't fired with enthusiasm, you will be fired with enthusiasm."
(Vince Lombardi)
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