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Direct Democracy – Aka Participatory Democracy Representative Democracy Elite Democracy – Aka Revisionist Democracy |
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| Rule by the people • Built on the Athenian model. • Still present in US town hall meetings. |
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Delegate representation – Citizens elected political actors who will represent their preferences. • Assumptions: – Voters are aware. – Voters are rational. – Voters are tolerant. – Voters are informed Problems: • Tyranny of the Majority • Complexity of Issues • Utility of voting |
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| Trustee Representation – Voters should select those most able to run the government and trust that they will make the best decisions. • Only elites should have any real power over government policy. • Most individuals are too ignorant, unaware, or apathetic to have an informed role. |
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| Elite democracy serves those persons possessing a disproportionate share of money or power. • Marxists perceive that government is dominated by capitalists. • The power elite perspective holds that government is dominated by a few top leaders, most of whom are outside of government. • The bureaucratic view holds that the government is dominated by appointed officials |
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freedom political equality liberty majority rules procedural fairness |
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a collection of beliefs and values about government. is defined by a set of shared ideas concerning how a society should be governed |
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| a belief in freedom, individualism, equality, and small government |
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| argues that freedom comes from community members working together for the public god, not individuals. – Modern term is communitarianism |
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| Ideologies are systems of beliefs where one or more organizing principles inform an individual's views on a range of issues |
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| The total ideology most Americans adhere to is a Liberal political philosophy. – Emphasizes freedom, fairness and individuality |
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| is most similar to the total ideology of Liberalism. – Individualism is central. Government generally stays out of both social and economic issues. – Small government that does little to regulate society and the economy is ideal |
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| Liberals support an active government respecting economic issues but not social issues. – Supports economic regulation and government programs meant to reduce inequality – Opposes attempts to legislate morality (e.g. gay marriage, abortion) |
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| support an active government respecting social issues but not economic issues. – Traditional morality, law and order – Laissez-faire economics – (Oppose regulation of business, gun industry) |
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Economic Religious Political |
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| First Continental Congress (1774) |
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| Formed in response to Coercive Acts. ● FCC calls for boycott of British goods |
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| The Declaration of Independence (1776) |
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| No form of representation for colonists Dissolving legislative bodies and making governance difficult for them. Refusal to approve important public law. Lack of an independent judiciary. Using a standing army for intimidation and control. |
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| The colonists won the war because: |
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Leadership of General Washington Writings and ideas of revolutionary era thinkers "Crisis" papers Assistance from France |
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Term
Articles of Confederation (1781) Congress could not: |
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Levy taxes. Regulate commerce Establish a national commerce system Establish a draft. Collect money from states for services performed. |
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