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EENT
Eye emergencies
28
Medical
Graduate
09/01/2009

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Cards

Term
define: periorbital cellulitis (AKA)
Definition
AKA preseptal cellulitis: infection of the eyelid and surrounding skin anterior to the orbital septum
Term
define: orbital cellulitis (AKA)
Definition
AKA postseptal cellulitis: infection of orbital tissues posterior to orbital septum
Term
pre & post septal cellulitis are more common in:
Definition
children; avg age of orbital cellulitis is 7.5
Term
which is more common pre or postseptal cellulitis?
Definition
preseptal is more common (96%)
Term
which is more severe? pre or postseptal cellulitis
Definition
postseptal is more severe
Term
preseptal cellulitis etiology:
Definition
source is from previous infection or nearby trauma
Term
orbital cellulitis eitology
Definition
extension from infection of adjacent sinuses; especially from the ethmoid sinuses
Term
which cellulitis, pre or postseptal, involves changes in visual acuity?
Definition
poseptal
Term
3 clinical presentations for preseptal cellulitis.
Definition
redness/swelling of eyelids, tenderness/pain, fever
Term
presentations of orbital cellulitis
Definition
same as preseptal + proptosis, decreased extraoccular movements, decreased vision, diplopia
Term
define proptosis:
Definition
bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit
Term
define: Diplopia
Definition
visual impairment in which an object is seen as two objects
Term
why is it difficult to identify causitive organisms in pre/postseptal cellulitis?
Definition
due to presence of normal flora
Term
what would CBC show in postseptal cellulitis
Definition
leukocytosis
Term
what are the causative organisms of postseptal cellulitis?
Definition
those of sinusitis and skin infections: S. pneumo, S. aereus, M. cat, H. influ, Anaerobes, other streps
Term
which labs should be drawn on postseptal cellulitis patients?
Definition
CBC, Blood Cultures
Term
5 major complications of orbital cellulitis
Definition
localized abcess, vision loss, meningitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, brain abscess
Term
which patients require hospitalized treatment for pre/postseptal cellulitis
Definition
preseptal: patients <1yr and all severe cases postseptal cellulitis: all cases with IV antibiotics
Term
when might surgery be required for postseptal cellulitis?
Definition
surgery required for abcess drainage & culture
Term
why is it essential to differentiate btwn preseptal and orbital cellulitis?
Definition
orbital cellulitis is assoc. w visual loss, severe complications and even death
Term
Name 3 red flags for orbital cellulitis:
Definition
1. proptosis 2. vision changes 3. decreased extraoccular eye movements
Term
when should you assume that the injury from a foreign body is intraocular?
Definition
when it is a high velocity injury
Term
what is the weakest poin of the eye where a globe rupture can occur?
Definition
limbus: where the occular nerve meets the eye
Term
define ecchymosis:
Definition
bruising
Term
3 presentations of a blowout fracture
Definition
1. edema and ecchymosis of lid tissues 2. restriction of occular motility(esp virtical movements 3. hypoesthesia (decreased sensitivity) of the ipsilateral cheek due to intrapment of the infraorbital nerve
Term
in chemical burns of the eye, which is more severe acid or base?
Definition
base is more penetrating
Term
treatment of chemical burns of the eye
Definition
neutralize with lots of water, extensive injury may require corneal transplant
Term
can we suture traumas involving the eyelid?
Definition
no opthalmology
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